List of Engineering Colleges in Tamil Nadu
S.No
Name of the College
Annotation
Constituent Engineering Colleges in Tamilnadu
1
001 - College of EngineeringSardar Patel Road,Chennai-600025.Ph:044-22200303
The college offers 33 undergraduate degree programs and 47 Post-graduate degree programs besides 4 post-graduate diploma programs and M.Phil programs in 4 disciplines.
2
002 - A.C College of TechnologySardar Patel Road, Chennai-600025.Ph:044-22203522
This College was established in the year 1944.It offers higher education in Engineering, Technology and allied Sciences relevant to the current and projected needs of the society.
3
004 - Madras Institute of Technology Chrompet,Chennai-600044Ph:044-22231833,22235852
The Madras Institute of Technology (MIT) is a pioneer venture in the field of Technological Education.MIT aims at imparting technological education on lines more readily adaptable to the requirements of the industries and technical establishments than those provide by the normal University courses.
4
003 - School of Architecture and PlanningSardar Patel Road, Chennai-600025.Ph:044-22352341,22203701
The School of Architecture and Planning, Anna University, one of the premier institution of the nation was initially established as a Department of Architecture of the University of Madras in the year 1957
Government Engineering Colleges in Tamil Nadu
5
901 - A.C College of Engineering & TechnologySivagangai Dist, Karaikudi-623 004.Ph:04565- 224535,224528
The college has been recognized as a research centre and about 25 scholars are pursuing research. PG courses in various disciplines are offered from the year 2002.
6
615 - Government College of EngineeringSalem - 636 011Ph:0427-2346102,2346157
One of the eleven technical institutions of Tamilnadu selected for World Bank financial assistance under Technical Education Quality Improvement Programme.
7
005 - Government College of Technology, CoimbatoreThadagam Road, Coimbatore - 641 013Ph:0422 -2432221,2432271
The college offers six new postgraduate courses in various disciplines, in addition to a self-supporting course in Biotechnology at the undergraduate level.
8
974 - Government College of Engineering, TirunelveliTirunelveli - 627007Ph:0462-552450
The College offers various UG courses in B.E-ECE,EEE,CSE,Mech and Civil,B.Tech-IT.The college also offers various self-supporting courses in M.E Computer Science and Engineering, M.E Engineering Design, M.E. Power Electronics and Drives, M.E. Structural Engineering and M.E. Applied Electronics.
9
603 - Government College of Engineering, BargurBargur - 635 104Ph:04343-266067, 266395
The College offers various UG courses in B.E-ECE,EEE,CSE.
10
516 - Thanthai Periyar Government Institute of Technology(TPGIT)Bagyam, Vellore - 632 002Ph:0416-2227762
TPGIT was established in July,1990 and approved by the All India Council Education (AICTE). All the programmes run by TPGIT are affiliated to Anna University.
Government Aided Engineering Colleges in Tamilnadu
11
007 - Coimbatore Institute of Technology (CIT)Avanashi Road, Aerodrome Post, Coimbatore - 641014 Ph::0422-2574071,2574072
The Institute boasts of strong Academic - Industrial Interaction and a high quality of research and consultancy. CIT, managed by a pedigreed lineage for the past 50 years, enjoys national repute.
12
006 - PSG College of TechnologyPost Box No.1611 Peelamedu Coimbatore - 641004Ph:0422-2572177, 2572477
The college offers a total of 48 full time and part time programs in Science, Engineering and Management at UG & PG levels.
13
008 - Thiagarajar College of EngineeringThiruparankundram,Madurai - 625015Ph:0452-2482240
Offers Nine Undergraduate Programmes, Eleven Postgraduate Programmes and Doctoral Programmes in Engineering and Science.
Self Financing Engineering Colleges in Tamil Nadu
14
101 - Aalim Muhammed Salegh College of EngineeringNizara Educational Campus,Muthapudupet,Avadi IAF ,Chennai- 600 055Ph:044-268 42627,26842086
A.M.S College offer various UG courses in B.E - E.C.E,C.S.E,E.E.E and B.Tech - I.T
15
401 - Adhiparasakthi College of EngineeringG.B Nagar, Kalavai, Vellore District, Pin-632 506Ph:04173-242089,242584
UG Courses : B.E - E.C.E,C.S.E,E.E.E
16
501 - Adhiparasakthi Engineering CollegeCheyyar Taluk, Melmaruvathur, Kancheepuram Dist-603319 Ph:04115-229247,229502
This College offers various UG courses in B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T,Chemical Engineering apart from M.C.A - Computer application and M.B.A - Business Administration in P.G.
17
601 - Adhiyamaan College of EngineeringDR MGR Nagar, Hosur, Kirhsnagiri District, Pin - 635109Ph:04344-260570,261002
ACE is committed to excellence in Technical & management Education, Research & Development with regular interaction with industries, with a holistic concern for ethics, environment and society.
18
303 - Anand Institute of Higher TechnologyKazhipattu near chennai, Old Mahabalipuram Road, chennai - 603103.Ph:04114- 275530, 275520
AIHT offers UG courses in B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, E & I, Mechancial and B.Tech - I.T .
19
803 - Anjalai Ammal Mahalingam Engineering CollegeKovilvenni, Thiruvarur District, Pin - 614403Ph:04374 - 232516, 262696
AAMEC offers courses in B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, E.E.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T, Chemical Engineering.
20
602 - Annai Mathammal Sheela Engineering CollegeErumapatty Post,Namakkal,Pin - 637013 Ph:04286 - 252252 to 252255
The College offers courses in B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T and Chemical Engineering in U.G and M.C.A in P.G
21
402 - Annai Teresa College of EngineeringThirunavalur & Post, Ulundurpet-Taulk, Villupuram dist, Villupuram - 607 204 Ph:04149 - 224292
This college offers courses in B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T, Chemical Engineering
22
804 - Arasu Engineering CollegeChennai Main Road, Kumbakonam, Pin - 612501 Ph:0435-2452166
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
23
201 - Arignar Anna Institute of Science and TechnologyPennalur, Sriperumpudur Taluk, Kancheepuram District, Pin : 602105 Ph:04111-207066,262344
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
24
951 - Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of EngineeringAnand Nagar, Krishnan Koil, Srivilliputhur (via) Virudhunagar Dist, Pin - 626190Ph:04563 - 289042
The college offers 8 UG courses and 11 P.G Courses
25
503 - Arulmigu Meenakshi Amman College of EngineeringVadamavandal Village, Namandi Post, Cheyyar Taulk, Thiruvannamalai District- 604410Ph:04182-247226
This college offers 8 U.G courses, 5 P.G courses in regular and also a part-time course in M.B.A
26
504 - Arunai Engineering CollegeVelu Nagar, Mathur, Tiruvannamalai- 606603 Ph:04175-237419,237739
This College offers 8 U.G and 4 P.G courses.
27
821 - A.R.J. College of Engineering and TechnologyEdayarnatham Village, Thirumakottai Main Road, Sundarakkottai(post), Mannargudi Taulk, Tiruvarur District - 614001.Ph:04367 -254160, 255599
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Civil and B.Tech - Industrial Bio-Technology
28
801 - A.V.C. College of EngineeringMannampandal Post, Mayiladuturai, Nagapattinam District, Pin - 609305. Ph:04364 - 227202,224202
Courses offered U.G: B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, Mech, I.C.E and P.G: M.B.A, M.C.A, M.Sc - I.T, Software Engineering.
29
423 - Asan Memorial College of Engineering and TechnologyAsan Nagar, Mahabaliburam Highway, Peria Irumbedu Po, (via), Manambathi, Chengalpattu - 603105Ph:04114-247283, 249106
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechancial and B.Tech - I.T
30
702 - Bannari Amman Institute of TechnologyAlathukombai Post ,Sathyamangalam, Erode District Pin - 638 401.Ph:04295-221289
This College offers 9 U.G courses and 8 P.G Courses.
31
102 - Bhajarang Engineering CollegeAyathur Village, Veppampattu(RS), Thiruvallur District - 602024.Ph:04116-224664/665/666
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
33
902 - Bharath Niketan Engineering CollegeThimmarasanayakanoor, Andipatti, Theni District, Pin - 625536Ph:04546-242970
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E & I, C.S.E, Mechancial.
34
519 - Bharathidasan Engineering CollegeM.G.R Nagar, K.Bandarapalli Village, Nattrampalli (post), Vellore DIST, Tirupattur Taulk - 635852Ph:04179-205470
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
35
404 - B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Engineering CollegeG.S.T. Road, Vandalur, Chennai - 600048 Ph:044-22751375,22751347
Crescent Engineering College was established in the year 1984 and offers 8 U.G courses including the Polymer Technology and various P.G courses too.
36
953 - Cape Institute of TechnologyLevingipuram, Rajakrishnapuram Po, Thirunelveli District, Pin - 627114 Ph:04652-266076
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
37
703 - Christian College of Engineering and TechnologyNear Check post, Dindugal Road, Oddanchatram, Oddanchatram taluk, Dindigul district - 624619.Ph:04553 - 240229,241128
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, E.E.E, Mechanical ,Civil and B.Tech - I.T
38
505 - C. Abdul Hakeem College of Engineering and TechnologyHakeem Nagar, Melvisharam , Vellore District, Pin - 632509.Ph:04172-267387
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, E.E.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
39
705 - C.S.I. College of EngineeringKetti post(NEAR OOTY), Nilgiris - 643215.Ph:0423-2517474
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, E.E.E, Mechanical ,Civil and B.Tech - I.T
40
952 - C.S.I. Institute of TechnologyThovalai (P.O), Kanyakumari district, Pin - 629302.Ph:04652- 263176,262147
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, E.E.E, Mechanical ,Civil and B.Tech - I.T

41
704 - Coimbatore Institute of Engineering and Information TechnologyVellimalaipattinam, Narasipuram post, Thodamuthur Village, Coimbatore, Pin - 641109.Ph:0422-2650131,265032
Courses offered B.E -E.C.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
42
103 -

43
805 - Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Engineering CollegeThuraiyur Road, Perambalur Post, Perambalur - 621212. Ph:04328-220333
Courses offered UG: B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
44
405 - Dhanalakshmi College Of EngineeringDR. V.P.R Nagar, Manimangalam, Varadharajapuram Post, Chennai - 601301. Ph:954111-278345
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil, E & I and B.Tech - I.T
45
424 - Dhanish College of EngineeringVanchuvancherry, Padappai(near Tambaram), Dhanish Nagar, Kancheepuram District,Pin - 601301.Ph:04111 -274747, 274748
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and Mechanical
46
202 - D.M.I. College of EngineeringPalanchur, Nazrethpet PO, Chennai - 602103. Ph:044 - 26811542,26810642
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T, Food
47
975 - Dr. G.U. Pope College of EngineeringPope Nagar, Sawyerpuram, Thoothukudi District, Pin - 628 251.Ph:04630 -273933
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E and C.S.E
48
706 - Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and TechnologyMackinaikenpatti POST Udumalai Road, Pollachi, Coimbatore, Pin - 642003.Ph:04259 - 236030,40,50
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, I & C, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T in U.G and M.Sc - Software Engineering in P.G
49
822 - Dr. Navalar Nedunchezhiyan College of EngineeringRaja Nagar, Vaithiyanathapuram, Tholudur, Cuddalore Dist, Cuddalore - 606303.Ph:04143 - 257258,257610
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T, Chemical in U.G . M.C.A in P.G
50
406 - Dr. Paul's Engineering CollegePauls Nagar, Pulichapallam,Vanur Taulk, Villupuram District, Villupuram - 605109.Ph:0413 - 2677006,2677007
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, E & I, C.S.EPG Courses : M.Sc - I.T, Software Engineering.
51
954 - Dr. Sivanthi Aditanar College of EngineeringThiruchendur, Tuticorin District, Pin - 628215Ph:04639 - 242482, 245854
U.G Courses : B.E - Civil, C.S.E, E.C.E, E.E.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
52
304 - Easwari Engineering CollegeBharathi Salai, Ramapuram, Chennai - 600089. Ph:044 -22490853,22490431
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, E & I, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A, M.Sc - I.T
53
806 - Edayathangudi G.S. Pillay Engineering CollegeNagapattinam District, Pin - 611002.Ph:04365-251112
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T, ChemicalP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A
54
980 - Einstein College of EngineeringSir.C.V.Raman Nagar, Seethaparpanallur, Tirunelveli-627012. Ph:0462-2487111
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical.
55
621 - Er. Perumal Manimekalai College of Engineering17th KM Hosur-Krishnagiri Highways, Nallaganakothapalli Near Koneripalli, Hosur, Krishnagiri District, Pin:635117.Ph:04344-257426,257428
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, E & I, Mechanical, Civil, Automobile.
56
707 - Erode Sengunthar Engineering CollegeThudupathi (post), Perundurai (Via), Pin - 638057.Ph:04294 - 232701,232702
Courses offered B.E - Civil, E.C.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, E & I and B.Tech - Chemical in U.G and M.Sc - Software Engineering in P.G
57
E.V.P. Engineering College203 - E.V.P Santhosa Nagar, Chennai-Bangalore National Highway, Chembarambakkam, Chennai -602 103 Ph:044-26810265,26811823
Courses offered B.E - E.E.E, E.C.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, E & I and B.Tech - I.T in U.G and M.C.A in P.G
58
955 - Francis Xavier Engineering College103- G2- Bye Pass Road, Vannar Pettai, Thirunelveli, Pin - 627003.Ph:0462 - 2502283,2502157
Courses offered B.E - E.E.E, E.C.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
59
507 - Ganadipathy Tulsi's Engineering CollegeChittoor, Cuddalore road, Kaniyambadi, Vellore Dist, Pin - 632102. Ph:0416-2230900,3090497
Courses offered B.E - Aeronautical, Mechanical, E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
60
506 - G.G.R. College of EngineeringPillayarkuppam, Perumugai post, Vellore - 632009 Ph:0416 -3090013
U.G Courses : B.E - C.S.E, E.C.E, E.E.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - Industrial Bio-Technology, I.T
61
407 - G.K.M. College of Engineering and TechnologyAlappakkam, Mappedu road, Thiruvencheri Village, G.K.M. NAGAR, Chennai - 600063. Ph:044-22395623,223790253
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical in U.G and M.C.A, M.Sc - I.T in P.G
62
305 - Hindustan College of EngineeringPost box no.01,Old Mahaplipuram Road, Padur post, Kancheepuram Dist, Kelambakkam - 603103.Ph:954114 -274262, 274395
This college offers 10 U.G courses and 9 P.G courses
63
708 - Hindustan College of Engineering and TechnologyOthakalmandapam post, Coimbatore - 641032. Ph:0422 - 2611833 / 44 / 65 / 66
Courses offered B.E - Aeronautical, Mechanical, E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
64
I.F.E.T. College of Engineering408 - IFET Nagar,Gangarampalayam, East Pondy Road, Valavanur Post, Villupuram - 605108.Ph:04146 - 231456/57/58/59
Courses offered B.E - C.S.E, E.C.E, E.E.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
65
605 - Idhaya Engineering College for WomenIdhaya Nagar,Nainarpalayam Road, Chinnasalem, Villupuram District, Pin - 606201. Ph:04151-258325
Courses offered B.E - C.S.E, E.C.E and B.Tech - I.T
66
976 - Infant Jesus College of EngineeringKamarajar Nagar, Keela Vallanadu, Sri Vaikundam Taulk, Ellanayakan Patti Post, Thoothukudi dist - 628851.Ph:04630- 262650/51
Courses offered B.E - Aeronautical, Civil, Mechanical, E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
67
709 - Institute of Road and Transport TechnologyP.B.NO.2,Sri Vasavi College Post, Erode - 638316.Ph:0424-2533279
U.G Courses : B.E - Automobile, Mechanical, E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Civil and B.Tech - I.T
68
807 - J.J. College Of Engineering And TechnologyAmmapettai Village, Poolankulathupatti post, Srirangam Taulk, Tiruchirapalli, Pin - 620009.Ph:0431-2695560,2695544
This college offers 8 U.G courses including Production Engineering and 4 P.G Courses
69
106 - Jaya Engineering CollegeC.T.H Road,Prakash Nagar, Thiruninravur, Thiruvallur- 602024.Ph:044-26390041,26300982
This college offers 8 U.G courses including Textile Technology and 4 P.G courses.
70
606 - Jayam College of Engineering and TechnologyDharmapuri-Hogenakkal Main Road, Pennagaram Taulk, Nallanur, Dharmapuri District, Pin-636813.Ph:04342-257251,257255
Courses offered B.E - Civil, E.E.E, Mechanical, E.C.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
71
808 - Jayaram College of Engineering and TechnologyKarattampatti. Pagalavadi post, Thuraiyur Taluk, Thiruchirapalli, Pin - 621014. Ph:04327-230270
U.G Courses : B.E - C.S.E, E.C.E, Mechanical, E & I and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.E - Communication Systems.
72
956 - Jayamatha Engineering CollegeThirurajapuram, Aralvaimozhi, Kanyakumari District, Pin - 629301. Ph:04652- 263440,263841
Courses offered B.E - Civil, Mechanical, I & C, E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
73
957 - Jayaraj Annapackiam CSI College of EngineeringMargoschis Nagar, Nazareth, Thoothukudi District, Pin - 628617. Ph:0431-2695560,2695544
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
74
306 - Jeppiaar Engineering CollegeJeppiaar Nagar, Old Mamalapuram Road, Semmenchery Village, Chennai - 600119.Ph:044-24502818
Courses offered B.E - C.S.E, E.C.E, E.E.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T, Industrial Bio-Technology in U.G and M.B.A, M.C.A in P.G
75
307 - Jerusalem College of EngineeringVelacherry main road, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai - 601302.Ph:044- 22461404/0131/0071
Courses offered B.E - Civil, C.S.E, E.C.E, E.E.E and B.Tech - I.T in U.G and M.E - Power Electronics and Computer Science, M.C.A, M.Sc - I.T in P.G
76
958 - Joe Suresh Engineering CollegeRaja Nagar, Ponnakudi Village, Mundradaippu post, Thirunelveli District, Pin - 627152.Ph:0462- 2484314,2484315
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
77
204 - Kalsar College of Engineering109, Mannur Village, Sriperumpudhur Taulk, Valapuram post, Kancheepuram - 602105.Ph:954111- 256777,207018
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E and C.S.E
78
959 - Kamaraj College of Engineering and TechnologyS.P.G.C Nagar, P.B.NO.12, Virudhunagar - 626001. Ph:04549 - 278171,278791
U.G courses B.E - C.S.E, E.C.E, E.E.E, E & I and B.Tech - I.T, Industrial Bio-Technology, PolymerP.G Courses : M.Sc - Software Engineering
79
508 - Kamban Engineering CollegeVelu Nagar, Mathur, Thiruvannamalai, Pin - 606603. Ph:04175-237079,238819
Courses offered B.E - C.S.E, E.C.E, E.E.E and B.Tech - I.T in U.G and M.C.A in P.G
80
710 - Karpagam College of EngineeringS.R.No. 758 759 760, Othakkkalmandapam Post, Magileripalayam Village, Coimbatore, Pin - 641032.Ph:0422-2655790/792
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A

S.No
Name of the College
Annotation
81
409 - Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and TechnologyGST ROAD, Chinna Kolampakkam, Palayanoor Post, Madhuranthagam Taluk, Pin - 603308.Ph:04115 - 265486
Courses offered B.E - C.S.E, E.E.E, E.C.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T, Industrial Bio-Technology
82
311 - KCG College of TechnologyKCG Nagar, Karappakkam,Old Mahabalipuram road, IT Highway, Chennai - 600096.Ph:044-22341389/2155
Courses offered B.E - C.S.E, E.E.E, E.C.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T in U.G and M.Sc - I.T in P.G
83
207 - Kings Engineering CollegePunalkulam, Gandarvakottai-Taulk, Pudukottai -District, Pin - 613303. Ph:04362- 282474,282676
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
84
904 - K L N College of EngineeringPottapalayam, Konthagai p.o, 630611.Ph:0452-2698971,2698972
This College offers 7 U.G courses and 3 P.G courses.
85
903 - K L N College of Information TechnologyPottapalayam Konthagai Post, Sivagangai District, Sivagangai-630 611.Ph:0452-2698250,2698258
Courses offered B.E - C.S.E, E.C.E, E.E.E and B.Tech - I.T in U.G and M.C.A in P.G
86
906 - Kodaikanal Institute of TechnologyMachur village & p.o, Kodaikanal highways, Bethalagundu, Kodaikanal, Dindugal District - 624104.Ph:04542-242007,
Courses offered B.E - C.S.E, E.C.E and B.Tech - I.T
87
711 - Kongu Engineering CollegePerundurai railway station rd, Thoppupalayam, Perundurai, Erode-638052. Ph:04294- 220562, 226666
This college offers 9 U.G courses and 11 P.G courses.
88
607 - K S Rangasamy College of TechnologyKSR Kalvi Nagar, Thokkavadi post, Thiruchengode,Nammakkal District., Pin - 637209.Ph:04288-274741 to 274744
This College offers 9 U.G courses and 9 P.G courses.
89
613 - K S R College of EngineeringKSR Kalvi Nagar, Thokkavadi post, Thiruchengode,Nammakkal District. Ph:04288-274757
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Civil, and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A
90
410 - Krishnasamy College of Engineering and TechnologyNellikuppam Highroad, S.Kumarapuram, Cuddalore Pin - 607109.Ph:04142-211794,225394
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil and B.Tech - I.T
91
712 - Kumaraguru College of TechnologyPost Box No. 2084, Chinnavedampatti Post, Coimbatore - 641006. Ph:0422- 2669401 to 2669405
This College offers 10 U.G courses including Fashion and Textile and 11 P.G courses.
92
809 - Kurinji College of Engineering and TechnologyDindigul road, Malaiyadipatti, Manapparai, Truchirappalli District. -621307. Ph:04332 - 260488
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
93
208 - Kanchi Pallavan Engineering CollegeKolivakkam, Iyyangarkulam post, Kanchipuram Taulk & District,Kanchipuram - 631502. Ph:04112 - 242223
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
94
207 - Kings Engineering CollegeOpp to Hyundai Car Company, Irungatukottai, Sriperumbudur, Chennai-602105. Ph:044- 55175556, 04111-207244
Courses offered B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Bio-Medical and B.Tech - Bio-Technology, Food Technology.
95
107 - L C R College of Engineering and TechnologyKanchipadi Village, Thiruthani taluk, Thiruvallur- 631204. Ph:04118 -274444,274123
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
96
205 - Lord Venkateshwara Engineering CollegePuliampakkam village, Walajabad post, Kanchipuram Dist. - 631605. Ph:04112-257603
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
97
206 - Maamallan Institute of TechnologyMaamallan Nagar, Sriperumpudur Taulk, Vadamangalam post, Kancheepuram District - 602105.Ph:04111-263682
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
98
411 - Madha Engineering CollegeMadha Nagar, Somangalam road, Kundrathur, Chennai - 600069. Ph:044-24780732 to 34
This college offers 7 U.G courses P.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A, M.Sc - I.T
99
108 - Magna College of EngineeringRedhills - Tiruvallur High Road, Magaral, Chennai-600055.Ph:0411-6954116, 226301/2/3/4
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical
100
714 - Maharaja Engineering CollegeKuppandampalayam post, Palankarai, Avinasi Taulk, Coimbatore-641654. Ph:04296-272129,274001
This College offers 7 U.G courses and 5 P.G courses.
101
609 - Mahendra Engineering CollegeMahendrapuri, Mallasamudram(W), Vadugapalayam post, Tiruchengode Taulk, Namakkal District - 637503.Ph::04288-238888, 238777
This college offers 7 U.G courses and M.C.A, M.Sc - Computer Technology in P.G
102
412 - Mailam Engineering CollegeMailam Tindivanam Taulk, Villupuram dist, Pin - 604304. Ph:04147 -241551, 241515
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.Sc - I.T
103
309 - Meenakshi Sundararajan Engineering CollegeNO.363, Arcot road, Kodambakkam, Chennai - 600024.Ph:044-24801636,24811103
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Civil and B.Tech - I.T
104
509 - Meenakshi College of EngineeringMalliankaranari village, Uthiramerur Taulk, Kanchipuram District, Pin - 603406. Ph:04112-2272304
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
105
960 - MEPCO Schlenk Engineering CollegeMEPCO Engg College post, Sivakasi, Virudhunagar District, Pin - 626005.Ph:04562 - 289720,289730
MEPCO offers 7 U.G courses and 9 P.G courses.
106
310 - Misrimal Navajee Munoth Jain Engineering CollegeGuru Marudhar Keseri Building,Jyothi Nagar, Thorapakkam, Chennai - 600096.Ph:044-24960101, 24962270/71/72
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
107
308 - Measi Academy of ArchitectureNew College Campus, 87, Peters Road, Royapettah, Chennai - 600014.Ph:044-28350445,28351126
The course offered by this college is only B.Arch
108
301 - Mohamed Sathak A J College of EngineeringOld Mahabalipuram road, Egattur, Chennai - 603103.Ph:04114-235761,235763
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Bio-Medical and B.Tech - I.T
109
907 - Mohamed Sathak Engineering CollegeKilakarai, Ramanathapuram(District), Pin - 623806.Ph:04567 - 241327,242327
This college offers 10 U.G courses including Aeronautical,Marine and Architecture along with 4 P.G courses.
110
812 - Mookambigai College of EngineeringSrinivasa Nagar, Kalamavur post, Keeranur, Pudukottai District - 622502. Ph:04339 - 262273,262140
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, E & I, Production and B.Tech - I.T
111
908 - Mount Zion College of Engineering and TechnologyPilivalam post, Thirumayam Taulk, Pudukottai District, Pin - 622507.Ph:04333 -277125
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
112
610 - Muthayammal Engineering CollegeAttur main road, Kakkavari post, Rasipuram Taulk, Namakkal District, Pin - 637408.Ph:04287-220837, 226837
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, E & I and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.Sc - Software Engineering.
113
713 - M P Nachimithu M Jaganathan Engineering CollegeMurungatholuvuVillage P.B.NO.84, V.Vellode, Perundurai Taulk, Erode-638051.Ph:04294-250242
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil.
114
724 - Maharaja Prithvi Engineering CollegePalankarai, Kuppandampalayam (P.O), Avinashi Taulk, Coimbatore District- 641654. Ph:04296 -272626
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil, I & C
115
923 - MNSK College of EngineeringDhakshinapuram, Vallathirakkottai post, Anangudy Taulk,Pudukottai District, Pin - 622305. Ph:04322-242558/61
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, Mechanical
116
811 - M I E T Engineering College Trichy -Pudukkottai Main Road, Gundur, Tiruchirappalli - 620007. Ph:0431-2660303,2660304
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil and B.Tech - I.T
117
810 - MAM College of Engineering Chennai Trunk Road, Siruganur, Tiruchirapalli - 621105.Ph:0431 - 2650377, 2650549
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil, E & I and B.Tech - I.T
118
608 - M Kumarasamy College of EngineeringThalavapalayam, Karur, Pin - 639113. Ph:04324-270755,272155
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.Sc - Software Engineering
119
715 - Nandha Engineering College28, ChennimalaiPalayam Road, Perundurai Main Road Vailkalmedu bus stop, Pichandampalayam post, Erode-638052.Ph:04294-225585,221133
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
120
977 - Narayanaguru College of EngineeringChittadavu Estate, Arumana post, Euzhithura(Via), Kanyakumari District, Pin - 629151. Ph:04651 -284200,284445
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Civil and B.Tech - I.T.

121
961 - National College of EngineeringMaruthakulam post, Nanguneri Taulk, Thirunelveli District, Pin - 627151.Ph:04635 - 256343, 256344
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
122
962 - National Engineering CollegeK.R.Nagar, Kovilpatti, Thoothukudi District, Pin - 628503. Ph:04632-222502,230227
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, E & I and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.E(C.S.E,Manufacturing and Communication), M.C.A
123
963 - Noorul Islam College of EngineeringKumaracoil, Thuckalay post, KanyaKumari District, Pin -629180. Ph:04651 - 250566,250266
This college offers 9 U.G courses including Aeronautical, Marine and 10 P.G courses.
124
909 - Odaiyappa College of Engineering and TechnologyP.T.R.Palanivel rajan Nagar, Theni, Pin - 625531. Ph:04546 - 252670
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E
125
813 - Oxford Engineering CollegePirattiyur(W), Karumandapam, Trichy - 620009.Ph:0431-2403450,2403651
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
126
611 - Paavai Engineering CollegeNH-7, Salem - Namakkal main road, Paavai Nagar, Pachal, Namakkal-District, Pin - 637018.Ph:04286-243058, 243038
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil and B.Tech - I.T
127
209 - Pallavan College of EngineeringThimmasamudram, Iyengarkulam, Kancheepuram - 631502. Ph:04112 - 277967
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T, Chemical
128
912 - Pandiyan Saraswathi Yadav Engineering CollegeSivagangai arasanoor village, Thirumansolai p.o, Sivagangai taluk district, Pin - 630561.Ph:04575- 236273, 236684
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Civil, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
129
210 - Panimalar Engineering CollegeBangalore trunk road, Varatharajapuram, Nasarath pettai post, Poonamallee taluk, Chennai - 602103.Ph:044-26490404,26490505
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A
130
716 - Park College of Engineering TechnologyAvinasi road(NH-47), Kaniyur post, Coimbatore - 641659.Ph:0421-2334899
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Aeronautical and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.E
131
815 - Paventhar Bharathidasan College of Engineering and TechnologyNataraj Nagar, OPP Bharathidasan University, Mathur, Pudukottai main road, Trichy - 620024.Ph:04339-250356/358
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T, Industrial Bio-Technology, TextileP.G Courses : M.C.A
132
816 - Periyar Maniammai College of Technology for WomenPeriyar Nagar, Vallam, Thanjavur, Pin - 613403.Ph:04362 - 264600
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Civil and B.Tech - I.T, Industrial Bio-Technology and B.ArchP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.E, M.Sc
133
981 - Ponjesly College of EngineeringAlamparai, Vettornimadam (Post), Nagercoil, Kanyakumari District, Pin-629003.Ph:04652 -200001
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical
134
414 - Prince Shri Venkateshwara Padmavathy Engineering CollegeMedavakkam, Mambakkam road, Ponmar, Chennai - 600048.Ph:954114-279220
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E & I and B.Tech - I.T
135
510 - Priyadarshini Engineering CollegeChettiyappanur village & post, Vaniyambadi taluk, Vellore District, Pin - 635751. Ph:04174-227591,228972
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.TP.G courses : M.C.A, M.B.A
136
110 - Prathyusha Engineering CollegeAranvayalkuppam, Ponnamallee-thiruvallur rd, Tiruvallur, Thiruvallur - 602025.Ph:954116 - 220512,220331
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Bio-Medical and B.Tech - I.T, Industrial Bio-Technology
137
966 - PET Engineering CollegeP.O. Box. No.6, Thiruchendur road, Madapuram, Vallioor, Pin - 627117. Ph:04637-221853, 220999(8 lines)
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Marine and B.Tech - I.T
138
910 - P S N A College of Engineering and TechnologyKothandaraman Nagar, Mutharampatty post, Dindigul, Pin - 624622.Ph:0451 - 2554032,2554401
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Civil and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A, M.E
139
964 - P S N College of Engineering and TechnologyMelathediyoor and post, Palayamkottai taluk, Thirunelveli District, Pin - 627152. Ph:04634-279680/81
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechatronics, Aeronautical, Marine and B.Tech - I.T
140
222 - P B College of EngineeringIrungkattukottai,Sriperumpudur t.k., Kancheepuram District, Pin - 602105. Ph:04111-256861,256862
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E
141
612 - P G P College of Engineering and TechnologyNH-7, Paramathi-Namakkal, Villipalayam, Namakkal, Pin - 637206.Ph:04286-267994, 267404
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil, and B.Tech - I.T
142
109 - P M R Institute of TechnologyAdayalampattu, Chennai - 600095.Ph:044 - 26532579,26532581
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, E & I and B.Tech - I.T
143
814 - P R Engineering CollegePonnaiyah ramajayam Nagar, Trichy main road, Vallam, Thanjavur - 613403.Ph:04362-266940, 266950
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T, Industrial Bio-TechnologyP.G courses - M.C.A
144
965 - P S R Engineering CollegeAppanayanickanpatti, Sevalpatti, Sivakasi, Virudhunagar District, Pin - 626140.Ph::04562-239091,239092
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T, Industrial Bio-Technology
145
226 - P T Lee Chengalvaraya Naicker College of Engineering and TechnologyOovery village, Veliyur post, Kancheepuram, Pin - 631502.Ph:954177 - 248521, 248524
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - Chemical
146
911 - P T R College of Engineering and TechnologyThanapandiyan Nagar, Austinpatty post, Madurai, Pin - 625008. Ph:0452 - 2484823,2484824
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
147
113 - R M K Engineering CollegeR.S.M Nagar, Kavaraipettai, Gummidipoondi Taulk, Tiruvallur District - 601206.Ph:04119 - 225102,225338
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E and B.Tech - I.TP.G courses : M.C.A
148
112 - R M D Engineering CollegeR.S.M Nagar, Kavaraipettai, Gummidipoondi Taulk, Tiruvallur District - 601206.Ph:04119 -225560,225562
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, E & I and B.Tech - I.T
149
913 - R V S College of Engineering & TechnologyR.V.S. Nagar, Karur road, N. Paraipatti post, Dindigul, Pin - 624005.Ph:04551- 227229/30/31
This college offers 9 U.G courses including Textile, I & C in U.G and 4 P.G courses.
150
914 - Raja College of Engineering and TechnologyS.V.Raja Nagar, Veerapanjan, Madurai, Pin - 625020.Ph:0452-2429280,2429346
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil and B.Tech - I.TP.G courses : M.C.A, M.B.A, M.E

151
111 - Raja Rajeswari Engineering CollegeAdayalampattu, Vanagaram post, Chennai - 600095.Ph:044 - 26534011,26534012
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil, E & I and B.Tech - I.T
152
211 - Rajalakshmi Engineering CollegeRajalakshmi Nagar, Thandalam village, Chennai to Bangalore Highway, Kancheepuram District - 602105.Ph:04111 -256750/51/52/53
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Aeronautical and B.Tech - I.T, Industrial Bio-TechnologyP.G Course : M.C.A, M.B.A
153
212 - Rajiv Gandhi College of EngineeringNemili Village, Sriperumpudur, Kanchipuram district-602105.Ph:04111 - 263100,262905
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Bio-Medical, Petroleum and B.Tech - I.T
154
511 - Ranipet Engineering CollegeThenkadappanthangal, Walaja taluk, Vellore Dist, Pin - 632513.Ph:04172-232888
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
155
817 - Roever Engineering CollegeEllambalur po, Perambalur, Pin - 621212.Ph:04328 -275052,278106
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
156
322 - Royal College of Engineering and TechnologyEast Coast Road, Poonjeri Village, Thirukkalukundram Taulk, Kancheepuram District, Chennai - 603104.Ph:04114-242844
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
157
114 - S A Engineering CollegePoonamallee - avadi road, Veeraraghavapuram, Thiruverkadu post, Chennai - 600077.Ph:044-26801999
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.TP.G courses : M.C.A, M.Sc - I.T
158
512 - S K P Engineering CollegeChinnakangiyamur village, Tiruvannamalai - 606611.Ph:04175 - 252633 ,252833
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
159
213 - S K R Engineering CollegeAgarammel village, Poonamallee post & taluk, Chennai - 602103.Ph:044-26494205
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
160
225 - S M Kader Engineering CollegePalanchur, Nazarethpet post, Maduramanagalam, Kancheepuram District-602103. Ph:044-26811542
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, E & I.
List of more Engineering Colleges in Tamil Nadu
S.No
Name of the College
Annotation
161
614 - S S M College of EngineeringNH-47, Salem main road, Komarapalayam, Namakkal (District),Pin - 638183. Ph:04288-267703, 267247
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T, Textile Chemistry, Textile
162
967 - S Veerasamy Chettiar College of Engineering and TechnologyS.V.Nagar,Sankarankovil road, Puliyanguri(p.o), Tirunelveli dist, Pin - 627855.Ph:04636-234742, 234749
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
163
915 - SACS M A V M M Engineering CollegeKidaripatty(p.o), Alagarkoil(via), Madurai, Pin - 625301.Ph:0452-2470500,2470501
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Automobile.
164
214 - Sakthi Mariamman Engineering CollegeNo 55, Narayanaswamy Nagar, Thandalam Village, Sriperumbudur Taulk, Kanchipuram District, Chennai - 602105.Ph:04111 -256742,256801
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
165
616 - Sapthagiri College of EngineeringKrishnagiri main road, Periyannahalli post, Dharmapuri district,Pin - 635205. Ph:04348 - 247201,247208
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, E & I and B.Tech - I.TP.G courses : M.C.A, M.B.A, M.Sc - I.T
166
819 - Saranathan College of EngineeringVenkateswara Nagar, Panjappur, Trichy - 620012. Ph:0431-2473286,2473682
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, I & C and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A, M.Sc - Software Engineering
167
515 - Saraswathi Velu College of EngineeringJumbukulam road, Melvenkatapuram, Kattarambakkam PO,Walaja Taulk, Vellore District, Pin - 631102. Ph:04172-253170,253371
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
168
968 - Sardar Raja College of EngineeringAlangulam,Raja Nagar, Adikkala patnam p.o, Pavoor chatram(via), Thirunelveli District-627808.Ph:04633-272275,272475
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil
169
717 - Sasurie Institute of Engineering and Information TechnologyVijayamangalam, Perundurai Taulk, Erode District - 638 056. Ph:04294-243675/717
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil and B.Tech - I.T
170
216 - Saveetha Engineering CollegeSaveetha Nagar, Thandalam (Post), Sriperumbudur (Taulk), Kanchhepuram District - 602105.Ph:044 -55293355,55392754
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
171
969 - SCAD College of EngineeringSCAD Nagar, Cheranmahadevi, Thirunelveli District, Pin - 627414.Ph:04634 - 261701,261703
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Marine and B.Tech - I.T
172
916 - Seethai Ammal Engineering CollegeKeelakandai, Virudhunagar District, Sivagangai, Pin - 630561. Ph:04575- 240410
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
173
617 - Sengunthar Engineering CollegeKosavampalayam, Thiruchengode, Namakkal district, Pin - 637205.Ph:04288-255716
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, CivilP.G Courses : M.C.A
174
917 - Sethu Institute of TechnologyPulloor,Virudhunagar district, Kariapatti, Pin - 626106. Ph:04566-255002
175
918 - Shanmuganathan Engineering CollegeArasampatti,Pillivalam Post, Thirumayam Taulk, Pudukottai District, Pin - 622507.Ph:04333 -274913,274914
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Automobile
176
313 - Shree Motilal Kanhaiyalal Fomra Institute of TechnologyThaiyur Village Old Mahabalipuram road(I.T. Highway), Kanchipuram District, Chennai - 603103.Ph:04114 -275621,275622
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Bio-Medical and B.Tech - I.T
177
417 - Shri Andal Alagar College of EngineeringNO.6, GST Road, Mamandur village, Chengleput, Pin - 603111.Ph:04115-265662,265663
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T, Industrial Bio-Technology
178
802 - Shri Angala Amman College of Engineering and TechnologyRamanan Nagar, Siruganoor, Mannachnallur Taulk,Trichy - 621105. Ph:0431 - 2650334, 2650336
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, E & I and B.Tech - I.T
179
726 - S N S College of TechnologySathy road, (NH-209) Kalappatti Post,Vazhiampalayam, Coimbatore - 641035. Ph:0422- 2666264,2669091
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
180
618 - Sona College of TechnologyP.B.552, Sona Nagar, Thiyagarajar, Polytechnic college road, Suramangalam post, Salem - 636005.Ph:0427-2443545,2443544
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil and B.Tech - I.T, TextileP.G courses : M.C.A, M.B.A, M.E
181
217 - Sree Sastha Institute of Engineering and TechnologySastha Nagar, Chennai-Bangalore Highway, Chembarambakkam Village,Poonamallee Taluk, Chennai-602 103.Ph:044- 26810112 ,26810114
This college 8 U.G courses and 7 P.G courses.
182
970 - Sree Sowdambika College of EngineeringChettikurichi(p.o), Aruppukottai(Taulk), Virudhunagar District, Pin - 626134. Ph:04566-223953,223771
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
183
513 - Sri Balaji Chockalingam Engineering CollegeArcot road, ACS Nagar, Irumbedu Village, Arni taluk, Thiruvannamalai District, Pin - 632317.Ph:04173-227393, 222075
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.TP.G courses : M.E - C.S.E
184
425 - Sri Jayaram Engineering CollegeJayaram Nagar, Chellangkuppam, Cuddalore, Pin - 607003. Ph:04142- 227455
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E
185
718 - Sri Krishna College of Engineering and TechnologyKuniamuthur Post, Sugunapuram, Coimbatore - 641 008.Ph:0422 - 2678001 (7 Lines)
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Mechatronics and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A, M.Sc - Computer Technology
186
427 - Sri Krishna Engineering CollegePanapakkam, Serpanchery post, Tambaram via, Kanchipuram District - 601301.Ph:044-55392338
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
187
418 - Sri Lakshmi Ammal Engineering CollegeThiruvanchery, Selaiyur post, Kanchipuram District, Chennai - 600073. Ph:044-22290443
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, I & C and B.Tech - I.T
188
218 - Sri Muthukumaran Institute of TechnologyChikkarayapuram, Kundrathur road, Near Mangadu, Chennai - 600069.Ph:044-24780002/03/04
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.E - Computer Application
189
514 - Sri Nandhanam College and TechnologyTirupattur, Molagram patti, Vellore District.Pin-635 601.Ph:04179-226292,228892
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - Industrial Bio-Technology
190
220 - Sri Padmavathy College of EngineeringMevalur kuppam, Thandalam coot road, Valarpuram p.o,Sriperumbudur taluk, Kancheepuram-602105. Ph:954111 -256858 , 256859
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical
191
115 - Sri Ram Engineering CollegePerumalpattu, Thiruvallur Taulk District, Chennai - 602024. Ph:954116 -289364,289365
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Automobile and B.Tech - I.T, ChemicalP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A, M.E
192
719 - Sri Ramakrishna Engineering CollegeVattamalaipalayam, NGGO colony post, Coimbatore - 641022.Ph:0422 - 2460088,2461588
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, E & I and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.Sc, M.E
193
725 - Sri Ramakrishna Institute of TechnologyPachapalayam, Perur chettipalayam(po), Coimbatore - 641010. Ph:0422 - 2605454
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil
194
426 - Sri Ramanujar Engineering CollegeKolapakkam, Nedunkundram Vandalur, Chennai -600048. Ph:044-22751380
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical
195
419 - Sri Sairam Engineering CollegeSaileo Nagar, Dharkast, West Tambaram, Poonthandalam Chennai - 600044.Ph:044 - 22380031,22383322
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, I & C and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A, M.Sc - I.T
196
315 - Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of EngineeringOld Mahabalipuram road, Kancheepuram District, Kalavakkam, Pin - 603110.Ph:04114 - 274844/45/46
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T, ChemicalP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A, M.E
197
720 - Sri Subramaniya College of Engineering and TechnologySukkamanaickenpatti(p.o), Palani,Pin - 624615. Ph:04545 - 255132, 255133
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E
198
219 - Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringP.B NO.3, Chennai-Bangalore high road, Pennalur, Sriperumpudur, Pin - 602105.Ph:04111 - 262321,262352
This college offers 9 courses including Automobile, Marine in U.G and 5 P.G courses
199
116 - Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering and TechnologyThirupachur, Thiruvallur Taulk, District, Thiruvallur - 631203.Ph:04116 - 264444,265566
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A
200
121 - Sri Venkateswara Institute of Science and TechnologyKolundhalur, Kolundhalur village, ThiruvallurTaulk. & D.T, Thiruvallur-631203. Ph:04116 -266669,266699
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Civil.
201
221 - Srinivasa Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPoonamallee bye pass road, Parivakkam, Chennai - 600056. Ph:044 -26493505,26492525
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
202
320 - SRR Engineering CollegeOld Mahabalipuram Road, I. T. HIGHWAY, Padur Village, Chengalpattu Taulk, Kancheepuram -Dist 603103.Ph:04114-274839,274840
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E
203
919 - St. Michael College of Engineering and TechnologyST. Santiagappar Nagar, Kalayarkovil, Sivagangai dist, Pin - 630551. Ph:04575-232009,232010
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - Industrial Bio-Tech, Chemical
204
971 - St. Xavier Catholic College of EngineeringChunkankadai, Kanyakumari district, Pin - 629807. Ph:04652-232560,224033
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil, and B.Tech - I.T
205
317 - St. Joseph's College of EngineeringJeppiaar Nagar, Old Mamallapuram road, Chennai - 600119. Ph:044 - 24501060,24501449
This college offers 9 courses in U.G and 7 P.G courses
206
117 - St. Peter's Engineering CollegeTonakela Camp road, Avadi, Chennai - 600054. Ph:044-26558080 to 26558084
This college offers 10 courses in U.G and 4 P.G course
207
920 - Sudharsan Engineering CollegeNH-210 Sathiyamangalam Village,Kulathur Taulk, Pudukottai - 622 501.Ph:04339-240830/840
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil and B.Tech - I.T
208
972 - Sun College of Engineering and TechnologySun Nagar, Erachankulam post, Kanyakumari District, Pin - 629902. Ph:04652-281462,281463
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A
209
921 - Syed Ammal Engineering CollegeDR. E.M.Abdullah Campus, Lanthi Achuthanvayal (PO), Ramanathapuram, Pin - 623502. Ph:04567 - 223240,226929
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T
210
318 - T J Institute of TechnologyIT Highway, Old Mahabalipuram road, Karapakkam, Chennai - 600096. Ph:044-24501408, 24501409
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil and B.Tech - I.T
211
420 - Tagore Engineering CollegeKelambakkam main road,Vandalur(PO), Rathnamangalam, Chennai- 600048. Ph:954114-277008, 277017
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil, Aeronautical and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A, M.Sc - I.T
212
721 - Tamil Nadu College of EngineeringPalanisame Ravi Nagar, Karumathampatti Post, Coimbatore District, Coimbatore -641659.Ph:0421 -2332588,2332244
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil, I & C and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.B.A
213
319 - Thangavelu Engineering CollegeIT Highway, Old Mahabalipuram road, Karapakkam, Chennai - 600096.Ph:044- 24501377,24501045
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, E & I and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A
214
973 - The Rajaas Engineering CollegeRaja Nagar, Vadakangulam, Thirunelveli District, Pin - 627116. Ph:04637-230072,231809
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil, E & I and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A,M.E
215
517 - Thirumalai Engineering CollegeKilambi, Krishnapuram, Kancheepuram Taulk & District, Pin - 631551. Ph:04112-227898,222866
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil and B.Tech - Chemical
216
518 - Thiruvalluvar College of Engineering and TechnologyPonnur Hills, Vadavanagambadi post, Vandavasi, Pin - 604505. Ph:04183-225986
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, E & I and B.Tech - I.T
217
820 - Trichy Engineering CollegeSomu Nagar, Konalai, Trichy - 621132. Ph:0431-2650266, 2650540
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
218
978 - Udaya School of EngineeringUdaya Nagar, Vellamadi junction,Ammandivila post, Kanyakumari District, Pin - 629204. Ph:04651 -239900,239901
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, Mechanical, Bio-Medical, I & C and B.Tech - Industrial Bio-Technology
219
996 - V K K Vijayan Engineering College102, Irunkattukottai village, Sriperumpudur District, Kancheepuram - 602105. Ph:044 - 55340331
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, C.S.E, Automobile and B.Tech - I.T
220
722 - V L B Janaki Ammal College of Engineering and TechnologyKovaipudur post, Coimbatore -641042Ph:0422 - 2608845, 2608846
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A,M.E
221
V P M M Engineering College for WomenV.P.M Nagar, Krishnan koil, Srivilliputhur(Taulk), Virudhunagar District - 626190. Ph:04563-289001
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E
222
421 - V R S College of Engineering and TechnologyArasur, Villupuram District, Pin - 607107. Ph:04149-224253,209153
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil and B.Tech - I.T
223
622 - V S B Engineering CollegeKarudayampalayam, NH.67 Covai Road, Karur - 639111.Ph:04324 -286408
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Marine, Aeronautical
224
422 - Valliammai Engineering CollegeSRM NAGAR Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram dist, Pin - 603203. Ph:04114- 251498,251784,251726
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, E & I and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.Sc
225
118 - Vel Sri Rangarajan Sakunthala College of MultimediaNO.42, Avadi alamathi road, Chennai - 600062. Ph:044 - 26841061
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A, M.Sc
226
122 - Vel Sri Rangarajan Shakunthala Hitech Engineering CollegeNO.42, Avadi alamathi road, Chennai - 600062.Ph:044 - 26840181
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, Civil and B.Tech - Chemical
227
119 - Vel Tech Engineering CollegeNO.42, Avadi alamathi road, Chennai - 600062.Ph:044 - 26841601 ,26840603
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, E & I and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A
228
316 - Vel's Srinivasa College of Engineering and TechnologyThalambuR OLD Mahabalipuram high road, Navallur post, Chennai - 603103.Ph:04114 -235528,235770
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical and B.Tech - I.T
229
723 - Velalar College of Engineering and TechnologyThindal post, Erode - 638009.Ph:0424-2430333
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Bio-Medical and B.Tech - I.T
230
120 - Velammal Engineering CollegeAmbattur, Redhills road, Velammai Nagar,Surapet,Chennai- 600066.Ph:044 -26591860,26591870
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, E & I and B.Tech - I.TP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.Sc
231
922 - Vickram College of EngineeringSrinivasa gardens, Madurai - Sivagangai road, Enathi Near Poovanthi, Madurai - 630561. Ph:0452- 3090204, 3090208
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical, Civil and B.Tech - I.T
232
982 - Vins Christian College of EngineeringVenus Nagar, Chunkankadai P.O., Nagercoil, Kanyakumari District.-629 807. Ph:04651- 231650,04651-231660
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E, Mechanical
233
620 - Vivekanadhaa College of Engineering for WomenElayampalayam post, Thiruchengode Taulk, Namakkal District, Pin- 637205. Ph:04288 -234241,234060
U.G Courses : B.E - E.C.E, E.E.E, C.S.E and B.Tech - I.T, Industrial Bio-Technology, FashionP.G Courses : M.C.A, M.B.A.
Tamil Nadu Medical Colleges
S.No
Medical Colleges in Tamil Nadu
Annotation
1
Madras Medical College and Research InstitutePeriyar EVR Salai, Park Town, Chennai - 600033Ph:044- 25365163
The Madras Medical college one of the premier Institution in the country was established in the year 1835. After the affiliation in 1857 the College moved to be a center of excellence imparting training in all the specialities in the field of medicine and surgery and it is now one of the premier institutions in the country with under graduate, post graduate and super speciality courses. This institution is affiliated as a Deemed University.
2
Stanley Medical CollegeChennai - 600001.
The Stanley Medical College was established in the year 1938. The institution's official name is The Government Stanley Medical College and The Government Stanley Hospitals. This college is affiliated to Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University. The college offer courses in Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (MBBS) and post-graduate (MD, MS, other diplomas and higher specialties).
3
Kilpauk Medical CollegePoonamallee High Road, Kilpauk, Chennai-600010Ph:044-26412979, 26431927
This College was established in the year 1960. This college is affiliated to Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University. This College offer courses in M.S, Diploma, Higher Speciality and Para Medical Courses.
4
Madurai Medical CollegeMadurai, Tamil Nadu, 625020.Ph:0452 -2533230, 2532525
Madurai Medical College was established in the year 1954 and one of the premier institution in Madurai having 5 Government Hospitals in Madurai attached with the College. This college is affiliated to Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University. This institution offer courses in Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (MBBS) and post-graduate (MD, MS, other diplomas and higher specialties).
5
Tanjavur Medical CollegeThanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613004Ph: 04362-240854, 240851
Tanjavur Medical college was established in the year 1958 and the first batch of students joined in the year 1962. This college is affiliated to the Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University. The college offer courses in M.B.B.S and other P.G courses such as MD, MS, other diplomas, Para Medical and M.Ch in Plastic Surgery.
6
Chengalpattu Medical CollegeChengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603001.Ph:915-221221 to 221226
This College was established in the year 1965 and This college is affiliated to Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University. The courses offered by this college are M.B.B.S and M.S General Surgery.
7
Coimbatore Medical CollegeAvinashi Road, , Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641014Ph: 0422-2574375, 2301393
This College was established in the year 1966. The college was intially affiliated to Madras University and now it is affiliated to Tamilnadu Dr M G R Medical University. The various courses available in the college are M.D-General Medicine, M.S-General Surgery, Diploma Courses, M.Ch-Paediatric Surgery and Para Medical Courses in Nursing and Pharmacy.
8
Tirunelveli Medical CollegeTirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627011Ph:0462-2579785, 2572733
Tirunelveli Medical College was established in July 1966. This college is affiliated to Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University. This College offers courses in M.D - General Medicine, Pathology, Micro Biology, Forensic Medicine, M.S - General Surgery and Para Medical Courses in Nursing.
9
Govt Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical CollegeSalem Steel Plant Road,Salem,Tamil Nadu,636030Ph:0427-2483313
This College was established in the year 1990 and it is affiliated to Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University. This college offers courses such as M.B.B.S and Diploma in Nursing.
10
KAP Viswanthan Medical CollegeTiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 001Ph:0431-2401011, 0431-2771465 to 2771468
This College was established in the year 1997 and it is affiliated to Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University. This college offers courses such as M.B.B.S and Diploma in Nursing.
11
Government Toothukudi Medical CollegeToothukudi, Tamil Nadu, 628 001Ph:0461-2321051
This College was established in the year 2000 and it is affiliated to Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University. This college offers course in M.B.B.S only.
12
Kanyakumari Government Medical CollegeAsaripallam, Naggercoil, KanyaKumari, Tamil Nadu, 629201Ph:04652 - 223201
This college is established in the year 2004 and it is affiliated to Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University. This college offers course only in M.B.B.S
13
Government Medical CollegeVellore, Tamil Nadu
This college is established in the year 2004 and it is affiliated to Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University. This college offers course only in M.B.B.S
14
Christian Medical CollegeBagayam, Thorapadi Post, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632002 Ph:0416-2284255
The CMC was established in the year 1942 and it is affiliated to Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University. This college offere courses in MBBS, BPT, BOT, B.Sc and MSc, BMRSc, PGDCPC Dip. in Nursing & CMCs Diplomas in Allied Health Sciences.
15
PSG Institute of Medical Science and ResearchP.B.N0-1674, Coimbatore-641004. Ph:0422-2570170 to 77
This college was established in the year 1985 and it is affiliated to Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University.
16
IRT Perundurai Medical College and Research CenterPerunthurai Sanatorium - 638053Ph:04294-220910 to 13
This college was established in the year 1985 and it is affiliated to Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University.
17
Raja Muthiah Medical CollegeChidamabaram, Annamalainagar Ph:04144-38068
This college was established in the year 1985 and it is affiliated to the Annamalai University. The courses offered by the college are MBBS/ BDS/ BPT/ BOT and other courses in M.D and M.S.
Tamil Nadu Deemed Universities
S.No
University
Annotation
1
Amrita Vishwa VidyapeethamEttimadai, CoimbatorePh:0422 - 2656422.
This was conferred Deemed University in the year 2003 by the Government of India. This University conists of Amrita School of Engineering(ASE), the Amrita School of Business (ASB) at Coimbatore, Amrita School of Applied Arts and Sciences (ASAAS) at Kochi and the Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS) with its Medical College, Pharmacy College and Nursing School at Kochi. All together, these colleges will constitute Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Amrita University).
2
Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for WomenMettupalayam road,Coimbatore -641 043.Ph:0422- 2440241,2435550
Established in the year 1998. This institution offers courses in B.A./B.Sc./B.T.M./B.P.E./B.Com in U.G and M.A./M.Sc./M.Ed./M.Com in P.G
3
Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research173 Agharam Road, Selaiyur, Chennai - 600073.Ph:044 - 22290742,22290125
This institution acquired deemed to be University status in the year 2003. This University offers various U.G and P.G programmes in the field of Engineering and Technology, Architecture, Administration etc.
4
Dr. MGR Educational and Research InstituteE.V.R. Periyar Salai (NH4 Highway), Maduravoyal, Chennai - 600 095Ph:044-23782176, 23782186
This was conferred Deemed University status in the year 2003. This University offer courses in Engineering and Technology, Humanities and Sciences, Medicine and Dental Sciences.
5
Gandhigram Rural InstituteDistt. Dindigul, Gandhigram, Tamil Nadu - 624302 Ph:0451-52371
This University offers courses in Ph.D. Programmes, M.A. and M.Sc. Programmes, P.G.Diploma Programmes, B.A. Programmes, Post Diploma Programme.
6
Karunya Institute of TechnologyKarunya Nagar, Coimbatore-641114.Ph:0422 - 2614300
The institution was conferred the status of Deemed University in the year 2003. This institution offers courses in U.G/P.G/Doctral Programs in Engineering, B.Tech in Bio-Technology, Media Technology, B.Ed, M.Sc, M.B.A and M.C.A
7
Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and ResearchNo. 12, Vembuli Amman Koil Street, West K.K. Nagar, Chennai - 600078.Ph:044-23782562, 23780177
This University offers courses related to the field of Medical, Dental, Nursing, Physiotherapy.
8
National Institute of TechnologyTrichy 620015Ph:2501801, 2501802
The National Institute of Technology (formerly known as Regional Engineering College) Tiruchirappalli was started as a joint and co-operative venture of Government of India and Government of Tamil Nadu during 1964. This institution was granted Deemed University Status with the approval of the UGC/AICTE and Govt. of India in the year 2003 and renamed as National Institute of Technology. This institution offers courses in Engineering and Technology, Humanities and Science, Architecture, Management Studies.
9
Satyabama institute of Science and TechnologyJeppiaar Nagar, Old Mamallapuram Road, IT High Way, Chennai -600 119.Ph:44- 24501644, 24500813
Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology,Deemed University, which was formerly known as Sathyabama Engineering College pioneered by Jeppiaar Educational Trust was started in the year 1987. The institution was declared as Deemed University in the year 2001. This University offers various U.G and P.G programmes in various Departments.
10
Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences162, Poonamalle High Road, Vellappanchavadi, Chennai 600 077.Ph:044 - 26802020, 26801580-85 (5 lines)
SIMATS offers courses in Dental, Allied Sciences, Nursing, Physiotherapy and Engineering
11
Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA)Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur - 613 402Ph:04362 - 264101 to 108
SASTRA offers various undergraduate and post graduate courses in Engineering, Science, Education, Management and Arts besides various Doctoral programmes.
12
Sri Chandrashekharendra Saraswathi Vishwa MahavidyalayaSri Jayendra Saraswathi Street, Enathur, Kanchipuram - 631 561Ph:04112-264301/264308
The University started functioning from 1994-1995 academic year. It offers courses in M.A(SANSKRIT), Doctor of Philosophy (SANSKRIT), Bachelor of Sanskrit and Computer Science, Library and Information Science,Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery, Engineering and Technology, M.C.A, Management Studies.
13
Sri Ramchandra Medical College and Research InstitutePorur, Chennai - 600116. Ph:044-24768423
Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute was established in the year 1985. The SRMC acquired the status of a "Deemed University" in the year 1994. The Deemed University, now consisting of 9 Constituent Colleges. The institution offers courses in Ph.D, Higher Speciality Courses, U.G and P.G courses and other certificate courses in the field of Medicine.
14
SRM Institute of Science and Technology3, Veerasamy Street, West Mambalam, Chennai - 600 033.Ph:044- 24742836, 24747231
The institution was conferred Deemed University status in the year 2003. The programmes offered by this University are in areas of Engineering and Technology, Medical and Health Services, Science and Humanities.
15
Vinayaka Mission's Research FoundationNH-47,Sankari Main Road,Ariyanoor Salem-636 308.Ph:0427 - 2477316/317
Vinayaka Mission's Research foundation - Deemed University was established in the year 2001. The institution offers courses in Medicine, Allied Health Sciences, Dental, Homoeopathy, Nursing, Pharmacy, Physiotherapy, Engineering - Technology and Management Sciences, Arts and Science, Education, Physical Education.
List of top B Schools in India
S.No
Business School
Annotation
1
Indian Institute of Management-Ahmedabad(IIM-A)Vastrapur, Ahmedabad-380015.Ph:91-79-26307241
IIM-A was conceived not to be purely a business school, but a school of management. It aims to professionalise some of the vital sectors of India's economy such as agriculture, education, health, transportation, population control, energy, and public administration. In its formative years, IIM Ahmedabad collaborated with the Harvard Business School. Largely as a consequence of this collaboration, IIM-A pioneered the case method of teaching in India. IIM Ahmedabad is considered to be the toughest business school in the world to get into.
2
Indian Institute of Management-Bangalore(IIM-B)Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore-560076.Ph:91-80-26582450
IIMB runs a student exchange programme in the country; partner schools include NYU Stern, GSB Chicago, Anderson (UCLA), WHU Germany, the London School of Business and the LAOTSE network of leading European and Asian universities. In order to provide more students with an international exposure, IIMB has a course on international business that involves project work with a participating company at a foreign location. The international linkages at IIMB are so strong that about 70% of the batch has some international exposure during the course.
3
Indian Institute of Management-Calcutta(IIM-C)Diamond Harbour Road, Joka, Kolkata (Calcutta) - 700104.Ph:91-33-24678310
Intaglio is the annual international business school festival of IIM Calcutta. It is one of the premier business school fests in the Asia Pacific region inviting participation from the top business schools across the world including Harvard Business School, The Wharton School, the Tuck School of Business, Yale School of Management, the Kellogg School, NUS and many more.
4
Indian Institute of Management-Lucknow(IIM-L)Prabandh Nagar, Lucknow-226013 Ph:91-522-2734101
IIML 's mission is to be a global, socially conscious and integrated school of management, contributing towards management development, both in India and abroad. IIML is also entering into collaborative arrangements with leading business schools and research centres in India, Europe, Canada, South and Southeast Asia.
5
Indian Institute of Management-IndorePigdamber, Rau, Indore-453331. Ph:91-731-4228400
Indian Institute of Management Indore was set up in 1998 and is the youngest of the IIMs. The institute had its first student exchange of six students with Ecole de Management de Lyon (EM Lyon) a premier business school based in Lyon, France in 2005. The exchange program has advanced rapidly and the institute currently (as of 2006) has exchange programs with two business schools in France, one in China and one in New Zealand with several others on the anvil.
6
Indian Institute of Management-Kozhikode(IIM-K)IIMK Campus P. O., Kozhikode, Kerala - 673570.Ph:91-495-2803001
IIMK emphasises on the development of analytical skills and focuses on global cross-cultural issues. It also stresses on social responsibility, and has a two year social development project as a compulsory part of its flagship Post Graduate Programme in Management
7
Management Development Institute-Gurgaon(MDI)Mehrauli Road, Sukhrali, Gurgaon - 122001Ph:91-124-2349831 to 36
The institute operates student exchange programmes with a number of premier business schools and universities around the world; partner schools include Queensland University of Technology, Middlesex University(London), Cambridge College(USA) etc.
8
Faculty of Management Studies-Delhi(FMS)Delhi - 110007Ph:91-11-27667002
FMS has exchange programmes and collaborative arrangements with leading industrial and business houses, management institutions and professional associations in India and abroad.
9
Xavier Labour Relations Institute - Jamshedpur(XLRI)Circuit House Area (East), Jamshedpur-831001.Ph:91-657-2225506 to 12
Accenture and XLRI have launched the Accenture-XLRI HR Academy, a training academy dedicated to the human capital management needs of the growing information technology and BPO industries.
10
S P Jain Institute of Management & ResearchMunshi Nagar, Dadabhai Road, Andheri West, Mumbai - 400058Ph:91-22-26237454
Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan's S P Jain institute of management and research has emerged as one of the pioneering business schools in the business schools in the country. It has consistently maintained a hundred percent recruitment record, and takes pride in the fact that its students have consistently exceeded expectations of recruiters. The partners of this institution include Infosys, Wipro, Accenture, Microsoft etc.
11
Indian Institute of Foreign Trade-Delhi(IIFT)B-21, Qutab Institutional Area, New Delhi Ph:91-11-26965124
IIFT has, over the years, undertaken research studies with organisations like WTO, World Bank, UNCTAD and the Ministry of Commerce & Industry, government of India. IIFT has also trained more than 40,000 business professionals across 30 countries in various facets of international business and trade policy via its management development programmes.
12
Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies-Mumbai(NMIMS)V. L. Mehta Road, JVPD Scheme, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai - 400056Ph:91-022-26134577
Management Development Programmes (MDP) are held across the year at the Institute. MDPs are an integral part of the institute's activities and critical to its interaction with industry. The Institute puts together conceptual thoughts and corporate experiences for the benefit of the organizations.
13
Xavier Institute of Management-Bhubaneswar(XIM)Bhubaneswar - 751013Ph:91-674-2300007
XIMB also provides training and consulting services to the corporates. Their strong domain knowledge in the fields of education and development and software delevlopment skills have led to develop software products. Academic Information System (AIS), Project Accounting and Monitoring System (PAMIS), Internet based Survey (iSurvey), Examination On-Line (EOL) are some of the products they offer.
14
Institute of Management Technology-Ghaziabad(IMT)Raj Nagar, Ghaziabad-201001Ph:91-120-2825083
The institute works with certain companies on research projects. The list includes organizations like Polaris, CSC, R Systems, TCS, ST Microelectronics etc. The institute has a campus in Nagpur and will offer both its flagship business management and computer applications programs from there too.
15
ICFAI Business School#13/17, Nagarjuna Hills, Panjagutta, Hyderabad - 500082Ph:91-40-23435301 to 05
The education methodology adopted by IBS encourages independent thinking and helps students to develop a holistic perspective, strong domain knowledge, contemporary skill-sets and a positive attitude. IBS also gives the utmost importance to the case study method of teaching, through which students develop analytical and problem solving skills relevant to the dynamic world of business.
16
International Management Institute-Delhi(IMI)B 10 Qutab Insitutional Area, Tara Crescent, New Delhi-110016.Ph:91-11-26961437
IMI holds a place of distinction among the premier schools of management for being the first corporate sponsored business school with strong international orientation in India. IMI follows international standard curricula in its programs, which has been enriched by its academic collaborations with International Institute for Management Development (IIMD), Lausane (erstwhile International Management Institute, Geneva); Faculty of Management, McGill University, Montreal, and Manchester Business School, U.K, prepares participants to successfully manage and lead in an increasingly global business environment.
17
University Business School-Chandigarh(UBS)info@ubschandigarh.org
The School has been recognised by the UGC, under Special Assistance Programme for the following thrust areas-i) Marketing of Services and Rural Marketingii) International Business strategies and regional studies.iii) Accounting and Business Finance-Social responsibility and human resource accounting, investment decision making and innovative financing.
18
Welingkar Institute of Management Development & ResearchL. Napoo Road, Near Matunga (Central Rly.), Mumbai- 400 019.Ph:91-22-24178300
Welingkar Institute of Management Development & Research is a business school in Mumbai, India. It is one of the top notch B-Schools in India & is gradually gaining world recognition. The greatest recognition came from the Singapore-based Asia Inc, which ranked Welingkar 8th amongst all South Asian business schools.
19
T A Pai Management Institute(TAPMI)Manipal - 576 104, KarnatakaPh:91-820-2571358
The curriculum's thematic flow reflects current realities in business, and aims to develop both personal and professional competency. TAPMI's autonomous status enables this flexibility. Its PGDM programme is recognized for its innovative curriculum and academic rigour.
20
Amity Business SchoolAmity Campus, Sector 44, Noida- 201303.Ph:1800-11-00-00 (Toll Free)
Amity is the leading group of private educational institutions in India with over 40,000 students, 72 institutions spread over 22 campuses. Amity is always at the forefront of technology and education and was one of the first to launch programs like Cyber Law, Bio-informatics and Nanotechnology among many others.
21
Alliance Business Academy19th Cross, 7th Main, BTM II Stage, N.S. Palya Bangalore - 560076.Ph:91-080-26681444
The Institute offers courses in addition to the regular courses prescribed for the programs for which additional certificates will be issued. These certificates are of high potential value to our students for placement purposes.
22
Institute for Financial Management & Research-Chennai(IFMR)24, Kothari Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai - 600034Ph:91-44-28273801
Recognized as a Social Science Research Institute by the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Government of India, IFMR is approved as an institution of national importance by the Ministry of Finance.
23
Nirma Institute of ManagementPost: Chandlodia, Via: Gota, Ahmedabad-382481Ph:91-02717-241900 to 904
A constituent of Nirma University, the Institute of Management is recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC) under Section 2 (F) of UGC Act. Hence, all the Post-graduate degree of the Institute is recognized as equivalent to the Post-graduate degree of any other Indian university.
24
Lal Bahadur Shastri Institute of ManagementShastri Sadan, Sector III, R. K. Puram New Delhi-110 022Ph:91-11-26191081
Lal Bahadur Shastri Institute of Management is a premier Institute providing quality education in Management and Information Technology. The Institute has been consistently ranked among top 20 institutes in the country and among top 13 in the country based on placements.
25
K J Somaiya Institute of Management Studies & Research(SIMSR)Vidyanagar , Vidyavihar, Mumbai - 400077Ph:91-022-25157219
The Institute in collaboration with the Ivy League institutions has designed instruction in Fund Management wherein, students actually practice fund management by trading online on a NSE terminal.The institute is finalising plans to launch special programs in Entrepreneurship Management, Family managed Businesses, Management of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Alliance also includes student and faculty exchanges with Johnson School of Management , Cornell University , USA.
26
Bharathidasan Institute of Management(BIM)Post Box No.12, BHEL Complex, Tiruchirapalli - 620014Ph:91-0431-2520502
BIM has been providing world class management education through its two-year full-time MBA programme. Over the last two decades, BIM has risen to prominence as one of the premier management institutes in India. Currently, BIM has an annual intake of 120 students. BIM has recently formed an academic collaborative partnership with Bangalore Management Academy (BMA).
27
Birla Institute of Management TechnologyPlot Number -5, Knowledge Park -II, Greater NOIDA -201306Ph:91-0120-2323001 to 10
BIMTECH has explored opportunities for the students and faculty to exchange discussion and meet them for the best of the academic practices around the world and also to face the global changes. Some of the partner universities and institutions for various activities under a formal or informal arrangement are Groupe ESC Rouen(France), School of Public Policy and George Mason University(USA), Philadelphia University(USA), Precise Learning and Development(UK) and many more.
28
Indian Institute of Modern Management-Pune(IIMM)Survey No. 55/2-7, Tathawade, Opp. Wakad Police Station, Off Pune-Mumbai Highway, Pune-411033Ph:91-020-66741249
IIMM is a unique and autonomous Management Institute known for its distinct course curriculum and innovative training methods. The quality standard of IIMM can be seen from the fact that more than 200 companies have recruited the students and hundreds of prestigious companies have provided project studies to the students of IIMM.
29
SIES College of Managament Studies-Navi Mumbai(SIESCOM)Sri Chandrasekarendra Saraswathy Vidyapuram, Plot 1-E, Sector V, Nerul, Navi Mumbai-400706Ph:91-22-27708376 / 77
The SIES College of Management Studies (SIESCOMS) was promoted by SIES in 1995 specifically to cater to the growing need of management education in India . It is the prime constituent of its academic complex at Nerul. The major recruiters of SIESCOM include Compaq, Siemens, MTV etc.
30
Loyola Institute of Business Administration-Chennai(LIBA)Loyola College,Chennai - 600 034 Ph:91-44-28175353 to 57
LIBA is one of the premier management schools in India, recognized for providing business education par excellence. LIBA now offers into Virtual Learning or Global Satellite Education. A satellite education programme has been launched in association with Hughes Escorts Telecommunications Ltd. (HECL). The major recruiters of LIBA include TCS, Hexaware Technologies, Philips India, Satyam Computer Services etc.
31
Christ College Institute of ManagementHosur Road, Bangalore-29Ph:91-80-40129100
The Christ College Institute of Management has the International Twinning programme with Western Michigan University, USA. This college has the partnership programmes with Ohio University - USA, Griffith University- Australia, Liverpool Hope University- UK
32
Indian Institute of Social Welfare and Business Management-Kolkata(IISWBM)College Square West, Kolkata-700073Ph:91-33-22418694
The Institute now has about 1200 students of which over a third are women. The Institute has a very effective placement programme, which helps students start satisfying and rewarding careers.
33
Xavier Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship-Bangalore(XIME)Electronics City, Phase II, Hosur Road, Bangalore-560100Ph:91-80-28528477
The Xavier Institute of Management & Entrepreneurship (XIME), Bangalore was established in June 1991 to contribute to excellence in Management and Entrepreneurship education in India. The institution offers a three year, part-time Post Graduate Diploma in Business Management (PGDBM - AICTE approved) in collaboration with HAL, BEL, BEML, KIOL and other leading industrial organizations in Bangalore.
34
Institute if Technology & Management-Navi Mumbai(ITM)Plot 25/26, Institutional Area, Sector -4 Kharghar East, Navi Mumbai - 410210Ph:91-22-27905002
ITM has sought partnerships with premier Universities and schools from around the world including Southern New Hampshire University(USA), Queen Margaret University College(Scotland), Groupe ESSCA(France), Tongji University(China).
35
NIILM Centre for Management StudiesB-II/66, Sher Shah Suri Marg MCIE, Mathura Road, New Delhi-110044Ph:91-11-29891529
NIILM Center for Management Studies is now counted among India's top ranking business schools. NIILM CMS has an excellent placement record in terms of compensation and positions offered to its graduates.
36
PSG Institute of ManagementPB No. 1668, Peelamedu, Coimbatore - 4.Ph:91-0422-2577252
The PSG Institute of Management was upgraded from Dept of Management Sciences, PSG College of Technology in the year 1994,a time when the liberalization was throwing open endless possibilities in the business front for India. PSGIM has a strategic partnership with IIFT(Indian Institute of Foreign Trade), The Alliance Francaise of Madras.
37
Amrita School of BusinessAmrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ettimadai, Coimbatore-641105.Ph:91-422-2656422
Amrita School of Business (ASB), earlier known as Amrita Institute of Management, started in 1996 by the Mata Amritanandamayi Math. Over the years, Amrita School of Business has undertaken a wide spectrum of industry interface activities like Management Colloquia, MDPs, Consultancy and Customized In-Company Programmes.
38
Faculty of Management Studies-VaranasiShanti Prasad Jain Advanced Management Research Center University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Delhi - 110021Ph:91-11-26875875
the institute has given its students the opening to develop and apply functional, management and cross-cultural skills and concepts in global business contexts. This is done through collaborative and exchange programs with various institutions abroad such as University of California(USA), INSEAD(France), Esade(Spain) etc.
39
Jaipuria Institute of ManagementA-32A, Sector 62, NOIDA-201301Ph:91-120-2403379 to 81
JIM is endeavoring to become one of the Top Business Schools of International repute and thereby attaining status of a BENCHMARK in the field of Management.
40
Institute of Management Studies-Ghaziabad(IMS)Lal Quan, Bulandshahar Road Ghaziabad-201009.Ph:91-120-2866033
IMS Group of Institutions based at Ghaziabad, was founded in 1990. The two-year full time Post-Graduate Diploma in Business Management Programme has been accredited the MBA - Equivalent Status by the 'Association of Indian Universities'.
41
St. Joseph's College of Business Administration18, F.M. Cariappa Road, Bangalore - 560025Ph:91-080-22127765
St Joseph's College of Business Administration (SJCBA) was established in the year 1996. The past recruiters include Accenture, Hewlett Packard, HCL, IBM, Infosys etc.
42
Regional College of ManagementChandrasekarpur, Bhubaneswar-751023Ph:91-674-2302633
RCM is one of the premier educational institutes in the state and is rated amongst the top B Schools of the country.The institution was established in the year 1982. The past recuriters include Godrej, TISCO, Wipro etc.
43
Mount Carmel Institute of ManagementPG Centre, 58, Palace Road, Bangalore - 560052.Ph:91- 080-22286744
Mount Carmel College for Women, established in 1948, is ranked amongst the foremost educational institutions in the country imparting value-based education. The past recruiters include Infosys, Wipro, Accenture, L&T, TCS etc.
44
N L Dalmia Institute of Management Studies and ResearchSector I, Srishti Complex, Mira Road(East), Mumbai-401104Ph:91-22-28454949
Established in 1995, N. L. Dalmia commenced its academic programs in July 1997, offering Master's in Management Studies (MMS). The placement partners of the institution include Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd., Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd., Hexaware Technologies, L & T etc.
45
School of Communication and Management StudiesPrathap Nagar, Muttom, Alwaye, Cochin - 683106 Ph:91-484-2623803
SCMS is a business school established in Cochin in the year 1976. The Post Graduate Diploma in Management (PGDM) offered by SCMS is a highly acclaimed professional programme in India.
46
Punjab College of Technical Education-Ludhiana(PCTE)Ferozepur Road, Baddowal, Ludhiana-142021Ph:91-161-2805217
PCTE has collaboration with various institution for conducting the students exchange programmes including Limpopo Province(South Africa), City College(UK)
47
Institute of Productivity & ManagementDelhi-Meerut Road, Near Old I.T.I, Duhai, Ghaziabad, UP- 201206Ph:91-0120-2788082
IPM - the institution was established in the year 1977. The Institute offers various Management Programmes such as Post Graduate Diploma in Business Management, Post Graduate Diploma in Business Management -Executive Programme. The specialized programmes include Marketing, Finance, Information Technology, Human Resource Management, Production, International Business.
48
Gitam Institute of Foreign TradeGandhinagar Campus, Rushikonda Visakhapatnam-530045.Ph:91-891-2790505
The institution has collaboration with Institute of International Management, Karl Franzens University, Graz, Austria, for student and faculty exchange programme.
49
SDM Institute for Management DevelopmentSite No. 1, Chamundi Hill Road, Siddarthanagar Post, Mysore-570011Ph:91-821-2429722
The core offering of the Institute is the two year mandatorily residential PGDBA programme approved by he AICTE, with an intake of 120 students per batch. The past recruiters include Accenture, Infosys, Intel etc.
50
MIT School of Management-PuneS.No. 124, Paud Road, Kothrud, Pune-411038Ph:91-020-25431795
MITSOM, Pune, has been striving to cater to the needs of modern management education by using conventional as well as modern autonomous means. MITSOM boasts of having placed its students at reputed Indian Corporate Houses and MNCs. Some of the recuriters of the MIT include Wipro Spectramind, Pepsi, HSBC, Reliance Infocomm etc.
Breeding Your Dog
Table of Contents
Should I Breed My Dog?
I want to make some money!
My kids should see the wonders of birth and life!
I want another dog just like mine!
Every bitch should have a litter!
But my dog is registered!
So I should breed when...?
Potential Hereditary Problems
Eyes
Hip and joints
Other things to check for
Medical Checks before Breeding
Temperament
Pedigree Research
Frequency of Breeding
Care of the Pregnant or Nursing Bitch
Caring for the Puppies
Prewhelping preparations
Postwhelping
Placing the puppies
Considerations for Stud Dogs
Genetics
References
Should I Breed My Dog?You may be wondering whether or not you should breed your dog. Here is some information. The summary is that if you want to do it right, and get healthy and happy puppies, it is very expensive and a lot of work. Many people have written several treatises on this subject including Ms Swedlow; this article compiles many similar points.
Remember that you are going to need a vet that is familiar with whelping dogs. This will be your best resource, as well as any long-time breeders that you know. Not all vets are knowlegeable about whelping so be sure to ask around and especially look for recommendations from local breeders that you may know.
I want to make some money!Breeding, and doing it right, is an expensive undertaking. By the time you've picked out a good bitch, waited for her to grow old enough (minimum age: two years before breeding), picked out the best dog to mate her with, gone through all the health checks she needs, ensured that the dog you want to use also passes the same health checks, you've invested a lot of time and effort. You still have to pay a stud fee (or give a puppy back), you have potential extra expenses during pregnancy, you have the time and expense of whelping (either you take time off from work or something goes wrong and you have to take her in to the vets). You need to keep the puppies for a minimum of 8 weeks before sending them to their homes; you need to advertise and find good homes for the puppies, you need to make sure they have had their shots before going. You may have possible vet bills if the puppies require extra attention. If some of the puppies die, or you have a smaller than usual litter, you may not get as much money from the sale of the puppies as you had though. There are even potential problems later on with dissatified customers! You are better off consulting with a financial wizard about investing the money you would otherwise spend and lose on breeding!
Breeders frequently count themselves lucky if they break even.
My kids should see the wonders of birth and life!What if the whelping goes wrong and dead puppies are born? What if the bitch dies? These are all very real risks that you are undertaking. Much better alternatives include videotapes that are available. If there are local 4-H clubs, those provide alternatives for children.
Or, you could contact your local shelter and see if there is a pregnant bitch about to whelp or a litter of puppies that need to be raised and socialized before being adopted out. This would allow you to find out just what this could entail, while helping the shelters rather than potentially contributing to the problem.
I want another dog just like mine!If you want to breed your dog so as to get another dog like yours, think about this for a moment. No matter how special your dog is to you, a puppy out of it is not guaranteed to be just like or even similar to your dog -- half its genes will be from another dog! You will have to find another dog that also has the characteristics you want in your puppy; that dog will have to be unneutered; and the owner of that dog will have to be willing to breed her/his dog to yours. It is much easier, often less expensive, and certainly less time consuming to pick out an existing dog that you like from the shelter or another breeder. Best yet, go back to the same breeder of your dog, if possible, and pick another puppy out of similar lines.
Every bitch should have a litter!This is flat out wrong. Bitches are not improved by having puppies. They may undergo temporary temperament changes, but once the puppies are gone, she'll be back to her old self. Nor is it somehow good for her physically. In fact, you will put her at risk of mammary cancer and pyometra. There is absolutely nothing wrong with spaying a bitch without her having a litter.
But my dog is registered!Well, yes, but that doesn't mean a whole lot. A registered dog, be it AKC, UKC, CKC, etc., simply means that it's parents (and their parents) are also registered with the same registry. This confers no merit in of itself, it simply means that the dog's parentage is known.
Most registries do not make any assertions of quality in the dogs they register (except for some limited breed-only registrations, but these are uncommon). They do not restrict the breeding of their dogs and hence there is no guarantee that a registered dog is a good specimen of its breed.
The AKC has just started a "limited registration" program whereby puppies out of such dogs are ineligible for registration. It remains to be seen what the overall impact on AKC dog breeds will be. Other registries have used similar programs with good results.
So I should breed when...?The only reason you should be breeding is that you honestly feel that you are improving your breed by doing so. There are far too many dogs in the country to breed without good reason. A dog in a breeding program must be one whose genetic history you or its breeder is intimately familiar with. Such a dog must represent the best efforts of its breeder at that point. Such a dog must have good points to contribute, whether that is in good conformation, good performance or whatever. Such a dog must have some evidence of external evaluation. That is, others besides the breeder or the owner must also think that the dog is a good representive of its breed. That usually translates into titles, whether for conformation, obedience, field, herding, or whatever is appropriate for that breed. Such a dog must be tested as it matures for any problems that tend to appear in its breed, whether that is hip dysplasia, patellar luxation, von Willebrand's, cataracts, PRA, fanconi syndrome, subaortic stenosis, etc.
Potential Hereditary ProblemsEvery breed has a different set of potential problems for it. I have listed common ones below, but this is not to say that all dogs must be checked for everything listed. You need to do research in your breed to find out what the common problems are. You will also need to research the particular bloodlines you are using to see if they are prone to any additional problems you want to know about and screen for as well.
EyesMost breeds require eye checks of some sort, for a variety of problems. These include, but are not limited to problems such as
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA). This disease eventually causes total blindness. In some breeds the onset is quick, before the dog is two or three. In others, the onset is much later, when the dog is four to eight years old (and may have already been bred). Irish Setters have a test available that can detect carriers and affected dogs; other breeds do not have this recourse. It appears to be a simple autosonomal recessive, but the late onset complicates breeding programs. If a dog is affected, then both parents are either carriers or also affected.
Retinal Dysplasia. Causes eventual blindness. This is believed to be hereditary. Some dogs can be detected with this condition in puppy hood, but carriers cannot be identified until they produce such puppies.
Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA). This affects the collie breeds (bearded, border, rough, smooth) as well as some closely related ones. This condition has varying degrees of severity from hardly affected to blind; the problem is that this disease is inherited and two hardly affected dogs may easliy produce a severely affected dog.
Cataracts. There are many forms and causes for cataracts, but some forms, such as juvenile cataracts, are inherited and such dogs should not be bred.
Entropion, Ectropion: These are conditions in which the eyelids turn in or out, causing various problems and often pain for the dog. The Canine Eye Registry Foundation (CERF) in the USA registers dogs that are found to be clear of eye problems by a board certified (AVCO) veterinarian. Dogs need to be cleared yearly as there are some types of eye problems that show up later in life.
Hip and jointsThere are a variety of joint problems found in most breeds. Toy breeds can have joint problems too; just because your breed is smaller doesn't mean you can figure you are free of hip dysplasia and be done with it. There are several problems that specifically affect smaller dogs!
Hip dysplasia is probably the best known problem. This is a malformation or deterioration of the hip joint, so that the socket it sits in is too shallow to secure the head of the femur. As the condition progresses, arthritic changes begin to destroy the protective cartilage and the dog may experience severe pain if the condition is bad enough. Some dogs are asymptomatic, but still should not be bred. This condition primarily affects the medium-to-large breeds, but smaller breeds have been known to be affected, for example Cocker Spaniels and Shetland Sheepdogs can have this problem. To make sure your dog is free of hip dysplasia, you need to have the hips radiographed and then obtain an expert analysis of the xrays. Your vet isn't necessarily the one to do this! In the US, you would mail the xrays to the Orthopedic Foundation of Animals and wait several weeks for their evaluation. In Canada, Europe and Britain, there are equivalent programs, but all differ in the type of certification and age at which they will certify; some organizations certify after one year of age, others certify after two years of age.
Osteochondrosis Dessicans (OCD) is an elbow joint problem. A bone spur or a flake wears away at the joint which becomes stiff and painful. Xray evaluations of these joints are also needed. Many breeds that are prone to hip dysplasia may also have OCD.
Patellar Luxation is a problem affecting the kneecaps. Smaller dogs are more prone to this problem than larger ones are. The kneecap will slide out of place and lock the leg straight. Diagnosis is fairly straightforward and surgery can correct the problem, but no dog with patellar luxation should be bred as this is also an hereditary condition. There are a few other types of problems, affecting other joints like the hocks, or affecting the spine, that you should be aware of in some breeds. This is only an overview to give you an idea of what kinds of problems are out there. Remember that joint problems, even if not hereditary, may make it problematic for a bitch to be bred. Pregnancy is hard on the joints and on the body in general and if she isn't in the best of physical health, it is much kinder not to breed her.
Other things to check for
In some breeds, deafness is a potential problem. Puppies at risk should be BAER tested and any that fail should be neutered.
Heart conditions in many breeds must be checked for. Subaortic stenosis (SAS), other malformations of the heart or valves.
Hemophilia type of problems, e.g., von Willebrand's disease and others.
Malabsorptive syndromes, digestive problems.
Epilepsy.
Allergies.
Incorrect temperament for breed. Finally, remember that not only the potential dam but also the sire must be checked for all the things appropriate for their breed and particular bloodlines.
Medical Checks before BreedingYou must make sure the bitch and the stud both are free from brucellosis before breeding them. Brucellosis causes eventual sterility in both sexes (sometimes non-obviously) and can cause a litter of puppies to be aborted or die shortly after birth. In addition, brucellosis is on occasion transmissible to humans via the urine or feces of an affected dog. Between dogs, it is most commonly passed in sexual intercourse, although an entire kennel can be infected through contact with secretions.
The sire should be in excellent general health. The dam must be in good health, to withstand the stresses and rigors of a pregnancy. They must both be up to date on their vaccinations.
TemperamentNever breed any animal that has temperament problems. In particular, this has been the cause of the degeneration of many breed's general temperament: Doberman Pinschers, Rottweilers, and so on. If your animal is untrustworthy around people, overly aggressive to people, excitable, or is a fear-biter, do not breed it. If it is shy or submissive, don't breed it. Look for happy, confident and obedient animals, and consider carefully the particular temperament requirements for your dog's breed.
There are a variety of tests to indicate a dog's temperament. Many of the working breeds have a temperament test (for example, the Doberman's WAC test) for their breed. AKC has a Canine Good Citizen test (open to all dogs) that gives some indication of the dog's temperament (and, yes, training). Therapy Dogs International and other Therapy Dog clubs have temperament testing that does try to separate out actual temperament from training. Obedience titles can be (but are not necessarily) an indication of good temperament.
Pedigree ResearchYou must carefully consider each dog's pedigree for compatibility. Try to select strengths to offset weaknesses. Do not allow your bitch to be bred to an unsuitable dog, and conversely, be picky about the bitches you allow your dog to breed. This phase alone requires considerable research to find a suitable candidate, and you should definitely work closely with a knowledgeable person, ideally the breeder of your dog. Simply because two dogs "look good" or even *are* good does not mean that they necessarily complement each other: suppose they are both carriers for the same disease? Suppose they both have a tendency to overbites or other disqualifying faults?
Be honest with yourself. If your dog is not a good representation of its breed, do not let it reproduce. It is much easier to improve a few faults than to try and get excellent pups with a mediocre dog. Check the breed standard for your dog and ask a knowledgeable person for their evaluation of your dog.
We'll return the the importance of scrutinizing a pedigree in the genetics section below.
Frequency of BreedingIdeally, a bitch should only be bred every other year and she should not be bred much before two years of age. The season closest to the second birthday is a good one to start with; certainly no earlier than this. In some breeds, you may need to wait one more season before beginning. By this time, she is better prepared mentally for having puppies than she would have been with her first few seasons. Her physical growth is complete and pregnancy at this point won't endanger her health, provided that she is healthy to begin with.
In breeds with Hip Dysplasia, many people wait until after two years of age so that the parents can be certified; however if you have sent in xrays to OFA for preliminary evaluation and they came back as fine, many breeders consider it safe enough to then breed on the season closest to the second year, which can wind up being before the bitch is actually old enough to be certified. (And when the bitch is old enough, she is, of course, duly certified.) But the preliminary xrays must be examined by OFA, not by a local veterinarian. There are many dysplastic dogs out there that had vets look at their xrays and pronounce them "wonderful."
It's important, however, to keep the frequency of breeding low. Even at maximum, you want to allow at least one unbred season between breedings. This allows your bitch to rest and regain her strength. A bitch that whelps too often will produce weaker puppies more likely to die, and the repeated pregnancies are pretty rough on her, too.
For dogs, they should definitely have all their certifications necessary. For many breeds this means that they should be over two years old. Since a dog can be bred at any time, unlike bitches, waiting for two years is not a problem, whereas a bitch often has a season just before two years of age and then has to wait until 2.5 or three which sometimes presents problems in trying to time her litters. But this does not apply to a stud dog, so he should definitely have all of his checks and certifications before being bred. Frequency is not generally a problem although some dogs have problems with sperm production if they breed once a day for several days. They need top-quality feeding and care if they are going to be bred often.
Care of the Pregnant or Nursing BitchYou should make sure the bitch is up-to-date on all her vaccinations, medications, and shots before she is bred. She will require supplementary food during the last three weeks or so of pregnancy. In general, puppy food is formulated both for puppies and pregnant or nursing bitches.
She should be under the care of a vet for any related problems. Dogs can have miscarriages. Illnesses, diseases, or infestations that the bitch picks up during her pregnancy can affect the puppies. Difficulties during whelping are entirely possible, and the rule for some breeds. You must be prepared to get her to the vet quickly in an emergency.
There are instances of "mummy puppies" where you have a puppy whose development went awry, but it was not aborted. Instead, it dries and shrivels up, and when born, looks like a mummified puppy, blackened and ready to rot. Overbreeding and inadequate care are usually the causes. It is quite likely that the dam will come down with an infected uterus after such a puppy. "Water puppies" are another type of problem in which the dead puppy appears to have never properly developed a skeleton and appears to be full of gelatin. This seems to be linked to a viral exposure.
Other congenital (but not genetic) defects can include: no anus, cleft palates and hare lips. These conditions require corrective surgery or the puppy will die.
While the bitch is nursing the puppies, she will require about three times the amount of food she normally eats! It is also common for nursing mothers to go out of coat at this time.
Caring for the Puppies
Prewhelping preparationsYou should have a sturdy, clean, proper sized whelping box for the litter. It MUST include a "pig rail" around the edge to prevent the bitch from laying on or smashing her pups. It should be big enought to allow the bitch to turn around but small enough to prevent the pups from being "lost" in the unused portions. About six inches longer than she is, fore and aft, when laying prone (as in suckling her puppies) and about a foot on either side length wise.
To get the whelping box ready for your bitch, get a sheet of plastic, such as you would use for painting a ceiling to protect the floor. Cut it up into several pieces the size of the whelping box. Put one piece of plastic down, several layers of newspaper, another piece of plastic, more layers of newspaper and so on for four or five layers. Then when your bitch is whelping puppies, you can roll off a layer when it gets messy -- and it will! -- and throw it away to instantly clean the whelping box.
PostwhelpingAfter the puppies are born, there are many strategies for lining the whelping box. Some people continue to use newspapers, but puppies get pretty dirty from both newspaper print and feces. Other people have had success with synthetic materials on top of absorbent materials: the synthetic material provides secure footing, but the urine and other liquids pass through it to leave it dry. Other people use pine shavings (about six inches deep). You will do a lot of laundering to keep things clean no matter what you use. You will also have to clean the feces out of the whelping box after your bitch decides that's no longer her job.
Newborn puppies MUST be kept warm. The temperature in the whelping box at birth should be 90 F. The temperature can then be decreased 2 degrees every other day. NEVER FEED A CHILLED PUPPY!!! If a puppy becomes chilled it will cry continually and it will tuck its tail between its little legs. A healthy, happy, litter will "purr" like a swarm of bees and when feeding their tails will be straight out from their bodies. Warm any chilled puppy by putting the puppy under your shirt and under your armpit. The best method of warming a puppy is to use a special whelping box heating pad with a towel over it to prevent soiling the pad. Make sure the temerature does not go too high. Heating lamps are ok but puppies can become dehydrated. If the litter clumps together and cries, they are too cold; if they separate and try to hide under shade, they are too hot.
Large litters will require supplemental feedings if you want all the puppies to survive. Your bitch may not be able to care for a very large litter. You will need to get the pups rotating on shifts. For the first two weeks you may have to supplement as much as every four hours. Use a good prepared milk-supplement especially formulated for puppies. If you get in a bind you can use a goat-milk reciepe avilable in most books about breeding and whelping pups. You may have to tube feed those pups that will not suckle from a bottle!
Are you going to remove the dewclaws or dock a tail? This must be done by 3 days old at the latest! Any later will not heal as nicely or quickly!
If you have a purebred litter, you must record the date of birth and all of the pups (including the dead ones) in your record book. Then you will need to fill out and send in your litter registration form. You want to do this as soon as possible, since many registries can take up to 6 weeks to return the forms for individual registration to you (which you will want to give to your puppy buyers later).
You will have to keep the whelping box clean. For the first two weeks the bitch will keep the pups pretty clean, but the bedding should be changed twice a day at minimum. Starting week three, the pups start to eliminate some on their own.. then you will need to clean much more often!
At four weeks, the pups usually become very active and it this time may require a larger area then the welping box...you will need a large ex-pen or some way of confining them safely. You do have a place to keep them that they are safe in and can't destroy? Puppies at this stage can devastate a room or garage in hours.
At week five you will probably want to introduce the pups to weaning food. Usually you will have to mush up the dry puppy food for the pups to be able to eat it. Use warm water and let the food stand in a bowl for about 2 hours.
At week six you should vaccination and worm the pups, and have them checked for heartmurmers, hernias, males for testicles (yes you should be able to feel them at 6 weeks!), deafness, and eye problems.
You should be socializing now too... And are you going to do any puppy testing for temperaments? At seven weeks you should be calling up those poeple with deposits on your pups and getting your paper work all sorted out. Are your spay/neuter contracts ready? How about pictures of the pups for your clients?
And this is just if everything goes perfectly! What happens if one of the pups has a heart murmer, or a hernia? What about a deaf puppy? What if your whole litter gets parvo or distemper? What happens if one of the pups is affected with "swimmer-puppy" syndrome? What about fading-puppy syndrome? What happens if your bitch gets an infection or mastitis? What if she dies?
Placing the puppiesAfter the puppies are born, if not before, you must consider placing your puppies. Time and time again, people breed a litter because friends and family want one of their dog's puppies -- and then none of them will take one.
At six weeks is when even seasoned breeders wonder why they do this. A healthy active litter of six will run you ragged at this age. They are so curious, they want to explore everywhere, and they are at the prime age for socialization and exposure to many things that you, as a responsible breeder, want to give them a head start on.
At eight weeks, you may begin placing those pups that are ready to go to their new homes. Insecure pups may need more time, how are those puppy tests coming? You can't place puppies earlier than 7.5 weeks or so (no matter how much you may want to).
Are you prepared to do some legwork to find GOOD homes for them, not just hand them off to the first person who comes by? You are aware that you won't always be able to sell all of your puppies locally, aren't you? What assurances do you have that the puppies will not wind up filling animal shelters, facing death because their parents were thoughtlessly bred? Suppose you wind up keeping more of the litter than you intended to? Suppose some of your puppies are returned? Can you keep the extra puppies?
Considerations for Stud DogsFirst, remember that it is extremely difficult to come up with a top quality stud dog that people want to use. After all, they will look around and pick out the best male they can find. So your dog has to be pretty impressive to be noticed in the competition.
Your male should be in top condition. He should be certified clear of joint problems (and in many cases that means he has to be at least two years old). His eyes should be checked annually. He should be clear of any abnormalities common to his breed. No heart problems, no seizures, no thyroid problems, etc. He should be clear of brucellosis. His temperament should be good, and appropriate for his breed. If you have such a dog, you will need to get your dog well known. This generally involves showing your dog (in show, field, or obedience) and doing other work with him. An unproven dog (that has no previous puppies or only puppies too young to evaluate) will command a much lower stud dog fee than a proven dog (with a record of puppies to examine).
You must be prepared to board the bitch. The common procedure is for the bitch to be shipped out to stud, so you will need facilities to board bitches in heat. These facilities should be adequate for up to a week of boarding and to prevent any mismating. You might wind up with more than one bitch at a time -- can you board them all safely?
You must monitor the mating and be ready to intervene if necessary. Some breeds require intervention (such as Basset Hounds). Not all dogs or bitches understand what to do, especially if it is the first time for one or the other. It can be disastrous if two dogs are left alone to mate. Additionally, if the mating doesn't take, are you prepared to go through the whole thing again the next time the bitch comes into season? Typical contracts call for free repeat breeding in the case two or less puppies occur or the breeding doesn't take.
You need to be able to evalate the bitch's pedigree for compatibility with your dog's. Any good points or bad points of the litter are (rightly or not) attributed to the sire, so your dog's reputation is at stake with each litter he sires. You should be reasonably confident that the proposed breeding will result in good puppies.
If the owner of the bitch is a novice, are you prepared to assist with advice on whelping and puppy care? These people will expect you to have the answers. Sometimes entire litters of puppies are dumped on the stud dog owner when the bitch's owners can no longer cope with them because they didn't realize what a responsibility caring for a litter involved. Are you ready to take care of and place your dog's offspring if this should happen to you?
Are you prepared to deal with cases where you are certain your dog is not the sire of the puppies but the bitch's owner insists that he is? Or if the owner of the bitch insists that you must have allowed a mismating to occur when she was boarded with you? Disputes of this sort can become very ugly very quickly.
GeneticsIf a purebred dog of breed X mated with a purebred dog of breed Y, both meeting health standards for their breed, is there a better chance the offspring would be healthier than a same breed mating because the gene pool is larger?
In terms of health alone the first answer would be that in breeding two healthy dogs it shouldn't matter if they're the same of different breeds, you're apt to get healthy pups. But this doesn't take into account the question of recessives. Suppose you breed two dogs of different breeds that both have the same incidence of a recessive health problem. The pups would have the same odds of having that health problem as purebred pups of either breed. On the other hand, suppose the two dogs were of breeds that have no recessive health problems in common. This would reduce or eliminate the odds of the puppies of having the health problems of either breed. This is the classic explanation for the theory of first generation hybrid vigor. The resulting pups should not be bred though, since they'd have a good chance of having the recessives from BOTH breeds, so the grandpups would be inclined to be worse off than the purebred offspring of their grandparents. An excellent set of articles dealing with "hybrid vigor" can be found in DogWorld, Jan 1997 by George Padgett DVM. Another very important point to keep in mind is that when a purebred carrying a genetic defect is crossed with another breed or mixed breed, the "bad" genes do NOT "go away" even though they may not be expressed in the offspring. If crossed with another dog carrying the same defect, the offspring of that breeding will demonstrate the defect. Purebred dogs have all these diseases, though! It seems that you never hear about mixed breed dogs with problems.
Responsible breeders try to identify genetic diseases their dogs might be carrying and to eliminate them by careful breeding. It is ironic, though not surprising, that their efforts to identify and weed out genetic problems have lead some to cry "look at all the genetic diseases purebred dogs have!" A moment's careful thought will lead you to the conclusion that mixed breeds carry the same harmful genes (their parents, or their parents' parents, were purebreds, after all). The differences are
with some recessive disorders (though not all genetic defects) the disease is less likely to be expressed (though it can still be inherited by offspring)
you have lesser likelihood of ever identifying or eliminating any harmful genes your mixed breed may be carrying Also, if you stop and think about it, many mixed breeds are simply not tested for most problems. When they get older and limp, it's just considered old age, although it could well be hip dysplasia. When they get older and start to go blind, it could be PRA, but the owners are unlikely to test for this. It's not that owners of mixed breeds are bad, by any means, but they are not looking for possible inheritable problems, either.When you breed two different breeds together, what kind of variation can you expect?
Pfaffenberger's book has some interesting data on this. He did some experiments with four different breeds. They were dogs of approximately the same size, but very different physical appearance AND behavior. The results he saw in the first and in subsequent mixed generations are pretty interesting.
Let's look at a common crossbreeding: "cockapoos" (which are not purebred dogs, nor registered with any registry). These are crosses between Cocker Spaniels and Minature or Toy Poodles. The dogs actually vary quite a bit, some being more poodle like than others, and some being more cocker like than others. However, they are generally all a small sized, buff colored shaggy dog. If you breed two cockapoos together (not generally done), you get an even wider variation of dogs -- some look like Minature Poodles, others like Cocker Spaniels. The reason for this is the recessive genes hidden in the first cross that came out in the second generation. This is actually a visual example of why "hybrid vigor" doesn't hold.What is outcrossing?
Outcrossing is where the sire and dam are totally unrelated, preferably for three or four generations. The true form of an outcross is between two entirely different breeds because in reality the members of most registered breeds come from a common ancestor (althought it may be many, many generations back). It is very rare for outcrossed puppies to be uniform in appearance. Usually there are a very large ranges of sizes, coats, colors, markings, and other distinctive characteristics. Outcrossed litters are generally heterozygous, and do not reliably reproduce themselves, so even the nicest puppy in the litter may not later produce the best puppies.
Outcrossing is generally used to introduce something new to a line -- a better head, better colors, better front, etc. Usually the puppies retained from these breedings are bred back into the breeder's original line to standardize them back into the line's general characteristics and reproducibility -- with the one desired characteristic. The tricky part is that other characteristics may come along for the ride!
If you are dedicated enough, you can eventually continue breeding by outcrossing alone (but don't expect instant or quick results). You should pick dogs that complement eachother well and are similar in general appearance. This is a long hard road to eventually developing a line. Through outcrossing, many health problems can quickly be eliminated (or just as quickly added into your breeding), but usually you do sacrifice some show quality and producibility.
You have to remember that dogs that appear totally healthy may be carriers of genetic problems. To find this out, test mating is done to a dog that is affected with the genetic problem (resulting usually in puppies that are both affected and non-affected carriers) or by inbreeding to a related dog that also doesn't show the signs of being affected (usually littermates are used) this will usually result in some puppies free of the problem, some puppies as carriers, and some puppies affected if both dogs carry the problem gene (this is not as accurate as breeding to an affected dog, but you are less likely to have to put all the puppies down).
There are variations on outcrossing. A "true" outcross could be a dog that has totally unrelated dogs bred together throughout the pedigree. This is very rare. On the other hand, "linecrossing" is a form of outcrossing where dogs from unrelated lines are bred to produce a new line. The sire and dam are usually very linebred from their prospective lines and the resulting puppies are varied in appreance, some looking like the sire's line and some looking like the dam's line and some looking like mixtures of both lines.How about line breeding?
Line breeding is when the sire and the dam are distantly related: e.g., grandsire to granddaughter, granddam to grandson, second cousins, half cousins, uncle to niece, aunt to nephew..... The general strategy is that there is a common ancestor that is being doubled up on both sides. So the desired dog appears several times in the pedigree.
This is probably the most common strategy in breeding purebred dogs (and in developing new breeds, for that matter). Though this method, new genes are slowly introduced and unwanted genes are slowly replaced. The actual rate varies by how strongly you line breed. It sacrifices little overall quality in terms of show quality. Usually the puppies are rather close in general conformation. The only problem with this method is that it often takes several generations to get poor genes out, (or adding desired genes in) resulting in many puppies that have the same genetic problems (or virtues) that their parents have. And then because some breeders are more interested in winning, they do not place the affected puppies on spay/neuter contracts. This is both a blessing and a curse for the breed. If the breeder is very careful, affected pups can be used wisely to prevent loss of quality, but still remove the affected genes by only breeding the affected pups to known non-carrier relatives. This way the breeder can again try to "edit out" the bad genes. It takes longer this way but less show quality is lost in the process. This process results in dogs that will often reproduce their same level of quality. This is refered to as reaching homozygous litters (more genes of the same kind apparent in the puppies).
Inbreeding and linebreeding really differ only in degree. Linebreeding is less likely to cause harm than inbreeding. Inbreeding is not for novices. Knowledge of genetics and the breed is required for success. For good results it must be well-planned and breeders must be ready for whatever problems it presents.And inbreeding?
Inbreeding is where the sire and the dam are closely related: mother to son, father to daughter, sister to brother, half sister to half brother, cousin to cousin. People disgree about the exact point at which inbreeding becomes linebreeding. Inbreeding is the quickest way to find out what poor genes are in the line and what dominant characteristics are in the line.
Although many people are disgusted with the idea of this family incest, it is an extremely useful tool for diagnosing what genes are present. If the genes for bad eyes are present, but hidden or resessive, this will bring them out to their full extent. If there isn't any bad genes, then the puppies will be of very close uniformity and very able to reproduce themselves (theroretically). This is a homozygous breeding. The resulting puppies will have a lot of genetic material that is the same as their parents and grandparents and will be close genetically to each other.
Inbreeding doesn't introduce new genes and does not eliminate bad genes that the line already has. It only shifts them around like a rubix cube. This often results in litters with high show potential, if the quality was high to begin with. It shows you what recessives you have lurking in the dogs' backgrounds -- both good and bad. But there are drawbacks. Besides the possibility of bad recessives, inbreeding exclusively will eventually lead to infertility. It's like a xerox machine. After so many copies, you have to renew the ink. The same with dogs, you have to introduce new genes. No reputable breeder will use inbreeding exclusively, and many breeders simply never use it. Usually, you will only find: very experienced breeders, ignorant breeders, and puppy mills making use of this technique.
Inbreeding increases the chance that a gene obtained from the sire will match one obtained from the dam, both stemming from the common ancestor(s) on which the individual was inbred. Thus, inbreeding tends to make animals homozygous rather than heterozygous. The inbreeding coefficient measures the resulting increase in homozygousity. All breeds have a given degree of homozygosity the mating of two dogs from the same breed would not produce a recognizable specimen of the breed!
Inbreeding increases homozygosity and decrease heterozygosity. So it can duplicate both desirable and harmful alleles, both of which can be unsuspected in the line, and may appear. Inbreeding does NOT create anomalies, it brings present anomalies to the surface. Even when the anomalies are present, inbreeding might not reveal them. However, once revealed, then the breeder can do something about them in the next generations of breeding.
An increase in harmful recessives is undesirable but it is not a major drawback if they are identified early. The effect of inbreeding on major polygenic traits is greater. Generally, traits that are highly inherited (ie largely additively controlled) are not adversely affected by inbreeding but, traits under non-additive control, especially those tied to dominance and thus not of high heritability, are often markedly harmed by inbreeding. OK, how do pedigrees figure into this?
Remember that it is difficult to spot unaffected carriers. When an affected dog shows up, its pedigree is often examined for likely carriers. For example, PRA is a common problem in many breeds. There are dogs that come down with PRA that have a certain ancestor in common. That ancestor may then be considered a possible carrier and line breeding on him is avoided. This is a simplistic picture, obviously, since it's possible for an unaffected non-carrier of PRA to come from an unaffected carrier that came from an affected dog (therefore the affected dog is in the unaffected dog's pedigree). If a general blood test is ever developed that shows the presence of the recessive in an unaffected dog, then much more accurate breedings may be done; currently this is only possible for Irish Setters.
There is rarely only a single problem a breeder is trying to screen for. Suppose a suspected carrier of PRA is known for producing excellent hips. A breeder might therefore introduce that bloodline into theirs for the hips, and be willing to have the possibility of PRA show up in the line. In screening out one problem you might have to accept the possibility of another appearing.
Examining the pedigrees also lets you know what percent of ancestry the dogs share (since the relationships are often much more complex than simply cousins or aunt/uncle, the degree of common ancestry is often given as a percentage instead) and decide whether or not it's acceptable given your current goals.What are like-to-like matings and compensatory matings?
Like to like mating implies the best to the best and the worst to the worst where the worst is not used at all. For most breeders, like to like matings are between dogs which resemble each other greatly and so similar type dogs are bred. These dogs may or may not be closely related.
The pups resemble their parents because of the genes in common with them. If those parents resembled each other their progeny would be even more like their parents. This tends to make the population look more uniform, however there is little increase in prepotency from this technique.
Compensatory Mating: This unlike to unlike mating is used by breeders to correct for a defect in an animal by mating it to another animal that might correct for the defect. The system is basically simple but the breeder must identify faults and virtues and it requires breed knowledge. The pedigrees of both dogs should be examined carfully to try to identify the ways in which the dogs differ and what the expected outcomes could be. A correct dog and not one who errs in the opposite direction is required. That is, if you want to improve structure, look for a dog with correct structure and not an overbuilt dog. This technique often results in only one or two pups with the combination desired. But this is all very vague and complicated!
Yes, it is. There are no easy answers, and there are different things to consider in every breed. This uncertainty with respect to genetic inheritance is exactly the reason that breeding is so difficult to do right. It helps immensely to have a "mentor", someone who is familiar not only with the breeds, but the lines your dog belongs to -- advice from such a knowledgeable person is often extremely valuable.
If we knew everything about genetics, we wouldn't have problems with our dogs any more. We'd eliminate Hip Dysplasia, PRA, heart problems, thyroid problems, seizures, etc. within a few generations if we knew everything. Unfortunately it's an art that few people are actually very good at.
References"So you want to use your Dog At Stud?" From the Literary Spot, the newsletter of the Central MD Dalmation Club 12/89 via Retriever Believer, the newsletter of the Labrador Retriever Club of Southern California 8/91.
Tucker, Kathy. "Why are you Breeding?", printed in various newsletters.
Whitney, Leon E (DVM). How to Breed Dogs 384 pg. Many case studies on breeds, breed crosses for dominance studies, Myths and fallacies about breeding dogs, inheritance of traits (such as temperament, health, intelligence, and abilities).
Wilcox, Bonnie (DVM). "Things to Think about Before Breeding Your Dog." DVM, printed in various newsletters.
Willis, Malcolm B. Practical Genetics for Dog Breeders. Howell, 1992. 228 pgs with appendix for calculations -- several graphs, charts, and pictures.
Willis, Malcolm B. Genetics of the Dog. 417 pgs with breed specific information on many breeds -- plus several charts and graphs.
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TIPS TO CHENNAI VISITORS Large Dog Breed Bull Mastiff .. English Mastiff ..French Mastiff.. Neopolitan Mastiff ..Great Dane.. St.BernardMedium Dog BreedAustralian Sheperd ..Beauceron..Belgium Shepherd.. Boxer..Chow Chow..Dalmatian..Dobermann.. German Shepherd..Golden Retriever..Grey Hound..Irish Setter..Labrador Retriever.. New foundland..Pointer.. Rajyapalam..Rottweiler.. Rough Coolie..Siberian Husky..SMALL DOG BREED Basset Hound..Beagle.. Bichon Fries..Bull Dog – English ..FrenchBull Terrier.. Chihuahua..Cocker Spaniel..Dachshund..Jack RusselTerrier..Lhasa Apso..Maltese.. Miniature Pinscher.. Pekingese..Pit Bullterrier..Pomeranian..Poodle..Pug..Samoyed..Scottish Terrier..Shih-Tzu..Tibetan Spaniel..Yorkshire Terrier..BREEDING YOUR DOGLand in Uthiramerur.Town, Uthiramerur, Chennai South Zone, Kancheepuram Dist.20 Acres SALELarge Dog Breed Bull Mastiff .. English Mastiff ..French Mastiff.. Neopolitan Mastiff ..Great Dane.. St.BernardMedium Dog BreedAustralian Sheperd ..Beauceron..Belgium Shepherd.. Boxer..Chow Chow..Dalmatian..Dobermann.. German Shepherd..Golden Retriever..Grey Hound..Irish Setter..Labrador Retriever.. New foundland..Pointer.. Rajyapalam..Rottweiler.. Rough Coolie..Siberian Husky..SMALL DOG BREED Basset Hound..Beagle.. Bichon Fries..Bull Dog – English ..FrenchBull Terrier.. Chihuahua..Cocker Spaniel..Dachshund..Jack RusselTerrier..Lhasa Apso..Maltese.. Miniature Pinscher.. Pekingese..Pit Bullterrier..Pomeranian..Poodle..Pug..Samoyed..Scottish Terrier..Shih-Tzu..Tibetan Spaniel..Yorkshire Terrier..
BREEDING YOUR DOG
TRAINING YOUR DOG
The basis of training any animal is winning its trust,confidence and respect. True training cannot begin until theanimal has accepted you as its leader, respects you andentrusted you with his or her confidence. The mistake many puppy owners make is mistaking love andaffection for respect and confidence. While it is certainlyimportant to love your new puppy, it is also very important thatthe puppy respect you and see you as his leader. Dogs arenaturally pack animals, and every dog looks to the lead dog foradvice and direction. Making yourself the pack leader is vitalto the success of training any dog. Failure to gain the respect of the dog can create a dog who isdisobedient, out of control and even dangerous. Problem dogs aredangerous, whether they are created through bad breeding, ownerignorance or improper training. It is important to train the dogright from the start, since retraining a problem dog is muchmore difficult than training a puppy right the first time. It is important for any new dog owner, whether working with a 12week old puppy or a twelve year old dog, to immediately get therespect of the animal. That does not mean using rough ordangerous handling methods, but it does mean letting the dogknow that you are in control of the situation. Dogs needstructure in their lives, and they will not resent the ownertaking control. As a matter of fact, the dog will appreciateyour taking the role of trainer and coach as you begin yourtraining session. When working with the dog, it is important to keep the trainingsessions short at first. This is particularly important whenworking with a young puppy, since puppies tend to have muchshorter attention spans than older dogs. Keeping the trainingsessions short, and fun, is essential for proper training. Beginning training sessions should focus on the most basiccommands. The heel command is one of the most basic, and one ofthe easiest to teach. Start by putting the dog or puppy in aproperly fitted training collar. Be sure to follow theinstructions for fitting and sizing the color to ensure that itworks as intended. Begin to walk and allow your dog to walk beside you. If the dogbegins to pull, gently pull on the leash. This in turn willtighten the training collar and correct the dog. If the gentlepressure is ineffective, it may be necessary to slowly increasethe pressure. Always be careful to not over-correct the dog.Using too much pressure could frighten the dog and cause it tostrain more. I the opposite problem occurs and the dog lagsbehind, the owner should gently encourage it until it is walkingbeside the owner. Most dogs figure out the heeling concept fairly rapidly, andquickly figure out that they should walk beside their owners,neither lagging behind nor pulling ahead. Once the dog hasmastered heeling at a moderate pace, the owner should slow hisor her pace and allow the dog to adjust along with it. The ownershould also speed up the pace and allow the dog to speed up aswell. Finally, walking along and changing pace often willreinforce the lesson that the dog should always walk at the heelof the handler. >From heeling, the next step should be to halt on command. Thishalt command works well as an adjunct to heel. As you arewalking, stop and watch you dog. Many dogs immediately realizethat they are expected to stop when their handler does. Othersmay need the reminder of the leash and the training collar. After the halt on command has been mastered, the handler shouldencourage the dog to sit on command as well. Once the dog hasstopped, the handler gently pushes on the dog's hindquarters toencourage the sit. Usually, after this walk, halt, sit procedurehas been done a few times, the dog will begin to sit on his owneach time he stops. Of course, it is important to provide greatpraise, and perhaps even a treat, every time the dog does as heis expected.
Dog Training: Learn The Strategies To Train Your Puppy To Accept The Collar And Lead
Walking on a collar and lead is an important skill that everydog must learn. Even the best trained dog should never be takenoutside the home or yard without a sturdy collar and leash. Evenif your dog is trained perfectly to go off lead, accidents anddistractions do happen, and a collar, with proper identificationattached, is the best way to be sure you will get your belovedcompanion back. Of course before you can teach your new puppy to accept aleash, he or she must first learn to accept wearing a collar.The first step is to choose a collar that fits the dog properly.It is important to measure the puppy's neck, and to choose acollar size accordingly. After the collar has been put on the puppy, simply let him orher get used to it. It is not unusual for a puppy to try to pullon the collar, whine, roll or squirm when first introduced to acollar. The best strategy is to simply ignore the puppy and let him orher get used to the collar. It is a mistake to either punish thedog for playing with the collar or to encourage the behavior.Distracting the puppy often helps, and playing with a favoritetoy, or eating some favorite treats, can help the puppy quicklyforget that he or she is wearing this strange piece of equipment. After the dog has learned to accept the collar, try adding theleash. Hook the leash to the collar and simply sit and watch thepuppy. Obviously, this should only be done either in the houseor in a confined outdoor area. The puppy should be allowed todrag the leash around on its own, but of course the owner shouldkeep a close eye on the puppy to ensure that the leash does notbecome snagged or hung up on anything. At first, the leash should only be left on for a few minutes ata time. It is a good idea to attach the leash at mealtimes,playtime and other positive times in the life of the puppy. That way the puppy will begin to associate the leash with goodthings and look forward to it. If the puppy shows a high degreeof fear of the leash, it is a good idea to place it next to thefood bowl for awhile to let him get used to it slowly.Eventually, he will come to understand that the leash is nothingto be afraid of. After the puppy is comfortable with walking around the housewearing the leash, it is time for you to pick up the end of theleash for a few minutes. You should not try to walk the puppy onthe leash; simply hold the end of the leash and follow the puppyaround as he or she walks around. You should try to avoidsituations where the leash becomes taut, and any pulling orstraining on the leash should be avoided. It is fine for thepuppy to sit down. Try a few games with the collar and lead. For instance, back up and encourage the puppy to walk towardyou. Don't drag the puppy forward, simply encourage him to cometo you. If he does, praise him profusely and reward him with afood treat or toy. You should always strive to make all the timespent on the leash as pleasant as possible. It is important to give the puppy plenty of practice in gettingused to walking on the leash in the home. It is best to doplenty of work in the home, since it is a safe environment withfew distractions. After the puppy is comfortable walking indoorson a leash, it is time to start going outside, beginning ofcourse in a small, enclosed area like a fenced yard. After the puppy has mastered walking calmly outdoors on a leash,it is time to visit some places where there are moredistractions. You may want to start with a place like aneighbor's yard. Walking your new puppy around the neighborhoodis a good way to introduce your neighbors to the new puppy,while giving the puppy valuable experience in avoidingdistractions and focusing on his leash training. Puppies sometimes develop bad habits with their leashes, suchas biting or chewing on the leash. To discourage this type ofbehavior, try applying a little bit of bitter apple, Tabascosauce or similar substance (just make sure the substance you useis not toxic to dogs). This strategy usually convinces puppiesthat chewing the leash is a bad idea.
AfadorAffen SpanielAffen TzuAffenpinscherAfghan HoundAiredale TerrierAiredoodleAkbash DogAkita InuAkita ShepherdAlano EspanolAlapaha Blue Blood BulldogAlaskan HuskyAlaskan Klee KaiAlaskan MalamuteAluskyAmerican Bandogge MastiffAmerican Bull MastiffAmerican Bull MolosserAmerican BulldogAmerican BullyAmerican Cocker SpanielAmerican Eskimo DogAmerican FoxhoundAmerican Hairless TerrierAmerican Indian DogAmerican Lo-Sze PuggAmerican MastiffAmerican Pit Bull TerrierAmerican Rat PinscherAmerican Staffordshire TerrierAmerican Water SpanielAmerican White ShepherdAnatolian Shepherd DogArubian Cunucu DogAugiAussie BulldogAussie-CorgiAussiedoodleAustralian Cattle DogAustralian KelpieAustralian LabradoodleAustralian RetrieverAustralian ShepherdAustralian TerrierAzawakh HoundBa-SharBagle HoundBanter BulldoggeBarbetBasenjiBasset Artesien NormandBasset HoundBasset RetrieverBasstonBavarian Mountain HoundBea-TzuBeabullBeagleBeaglemanBeaglierBearded CollieBeauceronBedlington TerrierBelgian MalinoisBelgian ShepherdBelgian TervurenBergamascoBernese Mountain DogBich-pooBichomoBichon FriseBichon YorkieBichon-A-RanianBiewerBitonBlack Mouth CurBlack Russian TerrierBlack and Tan CoonhoundBloodhoundBlue LacyBlue SpanielBluetick CoonhoundBo-DachBockerBoerboelBogleBoglen TerrierBologcoBologneseBoradorBorder CollieBorder TerrierBorderneseBorzoiBosapsoBospinBossi-PooBostillonBoston SpanielBoston TerrierBouvier des FlandersBoxadorBoxerBoxerdoodleBoxweilerBoykin SpanielBracco ItalianoBraque Du BourbonnaisBratBriardBrittanyBrussels GriffonBuggsBukovina SheepdogBulgarian Shepherd DogBull BoxerBull TerrierBullboxer PitBullmasadorBullmastiffBulloxerBullypitCadoodleCairland TerrierCairn TerrierCane Corso ItalianoCao da Serra da EstrelaCao da Serra de AiresCao de Castro LaboreiroCao de Fila de Sao MiguelCao dos MoureyCaravan HoundCardigan Welsh CorgiCare-TzuCarkieCarlin PinscherCarolina DogCatahoula BulldogCatalan SheepdogCattle Collie DogCaucasian OvtcharkaCava-ChinCava-CorgiCava-TzuCavachonCavalier King Charles SpanielCavaneseCavapooCentral Asian Shepherd dogCesky FousekCesky TerrierChacy RaniorCheeksChesadorChesapeake Bay RetrieverChi ApsoChi-ChiChi-PooChigiChihuahuaChilierChineranianChinese Chongqing DogChinese CrestedChinese CrestepooChinese Imperial DogChinookChionChipinChiweenieChizerChonzerChorkieChow ChowChugCierny SeryCirneco Dell EtnaClumber SpanielCock-A-ChonCock-A-TzuCockalierCockapooCocker PugCojackCollieColonial Cocker SpanielComfort RetrieverCopicaCoton De TulearCoton TzuCotoneseCotralianCretan HoundCurly-Coated RetrieverCzechoslovakian WolfdogDachshundDaisy DogDakotah ShepherdDalmadorDalmatianDameranianDaniffDanish-Swedish Farm DogDaugDingoDoberman PinscherDogo ArgentinoDogue BrasileiroDogue de BordeauxDoodleman PinscherDorgiDorkieDorset Olde Tyme BulldoggeDoxie ScotDoxie-ChonDoxiepooDoxleDutch Shepherd DogDutch SmoushondEast-European ShepherdEngAm BulldogEnglish Boston BulldogEnglish BulldogEnglish Cocker SpanielEnglish CoonhoundEnglish SetterEnglish ShepherdEnglish Springer SpanielEnglish Toy SpanielEntlebucher SennenhundEurasierFaux Frenchbo BulldogFeistFila BrasileiroFinnish SpitzFlat-Coated RetrieverFo-TzuFourche TerrierFoxy RussellFree-Lance BulldogFrench BrittanyFrench Bull WeinerFrench BulldogFrench BullhuahuaFrench SpanielFrenchie PugFrengleGerman Hunt TerrierGerman Longhaired PointerGerman PinscherGerman Shepherd DogGerman Shorthaired LabGerman Shorthaired PointerGerman Spitz GiantGerman Spitz SmallGerman Wirehaired PointerGiant SchnauzerGiant SchnoodleGoberianGolden BoxerGolden IrishGolden LabradorGolden Mountain DogGolden RetrieverGoldendoodleGordon SetterGrand Basset Griffon VendeenGreat BerneseGreat DaneGreat PyreneesGreater Swiss Mountain DogGreek HoundGreenland DogGreyhoundGriffonshireHava-ApsoHavachonHavallonHavaneseHavashireHavatonHellenikos IchnilatisHovawartHush BassetIbizan HoundIcelandic SheepdogIrish DoodleIrish Red and White SetterIrish SetterIrish Staffordshire Bull TerrierIrish TerrierIrish WolfhoundItalian GreyhoundJa-ChonJacairnJack ChiJack Russell TerrierJack-A-BeeJack-A-PooJack-Rat TerrierJackie-BichonJapanese ChinJapanese SpitzJapanese TerrierJapillonJatzuJindoJugKai DogKangal DogKarelian Bear DogKeeshondKerry Blue TerrierKing ShepherdKlein PoodleKomondorKooikerhondjeKoolieKorean Dosa MastiffKuvaszKyi-LeoLa-ChonLab-PointerLabbeLabmaranerLabradoodleLabrador RetrieverLabralasLagotto RomagnoloLancashire HeelerLandseerLeonbergerLeopard CurLhaffonLhasa ApsoLhasaneseLhasapooLhateseLlewellin SetterLouisiana Catahoula Leopard DogLowchenLundehundLurcherMagyar AgarMahratta GreyhoundMal-ShiMalchiMalteseMalti-PinMalti-PooMalti-PugMaltichonMaltipomManchester TerrierMaremma SheepdogMastadorMasti-BullMastiffMauxieMcNabMeagleMi-KiMini St BernardMiniature AussiedoodleMiniature Australian BulldogMiniature Australian ShepherdMiniature Bull TerrierMiniature BulldogMiniature English BulldogMiniature Fox TerrierMiniature GoldendoodleMiniature LabradoodleMiniature PinscherMiniature PoodleMiniature SchnauzerMiniature SchnoxieMinibozMixed BreedMoscow Toy TerrierMoscow WatchdogMountain CurMountain FeistMountain View CurMudiMugginNative American Indian DogNative American ShepherdNeapolitan MastiffNebolish MastiffNew Guinea Singing DogNewfoundlandNorbottenspetsNorthern Inuit DogNorwegian BuhundNorwegian ElkhoundNorwich TerrierNova Scotia Duck-Tolling RetrieverOld Anglican BulldoggeOld English SheepdogOlde Boston BulldoggeOlde English BulldoggeOlde Victorian BulldoggeOri-PeiOriginal English BulldoggeOtto BulldogPaperanianPapichonPapillonPapimoPapipooPapshundParson Russell TerrierPatterdale TerrierPeaglePekalierPeke-A-ChonPeke-A-PinPeke-A-TesePekehundPekepooPekingesePembroke Welsh CorgiPeruvian Inca OrchidPetit Basset Griffon VendeenPetit Bleus de GascognePetit BrabanconPetite GoldendoodlePetite LabradoodlePineranianPinny-PooPlott HoundPocket BeaglePointerPolski Owczarek NizinnyPom-A-NauzePom-CotonPom-ShiPomapooPomchiPomeranianPomimoPoochinPooglePoovanesePorcelainePortuguese PodengoPortuguese PointerPortuguese Rabbit DogPortuguese Water DogPoshiesPrazsky KrysavikPresa CanarioPudelpointerPugPug-ZuPugalierPugapooPuggatPuggitPugglePughasaPushonPyrenean MastiffQueen Elizabeth Pocket BeagleRat TerrierRat-ChaRatshi TerrierRedbone CoonhoundRhodesian RidgebackRoman RottweilerRottermanRottweilerRussian Tsvetnaya BolonkaSaint BerdoodleSaint BernardSaint DaneSalukiSamoyedSchapsoSchip-A-PomSchipper-PooSchipperkeSchnau-TzuSchneagleSchneseSchnockerSchnoodleScotch CollieScottish DeerhoundScottish TerrierSegugio ItalianoSeidenspitzShar-PeiShar-PooSheepadoodleSheltidoodleShepadoodleShetland SheepdogShiChiShiba InuShiffonShih ApsoShih-PooShih-TzuShiloh ShepherdShineseShiranianShockerdShorgiShorkie TzuSibercaanSiberian HuskySiberian Indian DogSilken WindhoundSilkeseSilky CockerSilky JackSilky TerrierSilky TzuSkye TerrierSlovak CuvacSmall MunsterlanderSmooth Fox TerrierSniffonSnorkieSoft Coated Wheaten TerrierSpanish MastiffSpanish Water DogSpinone ItalianoSpringerdoodleStaffordshire Bull TerrierStandard PoodleStandard SchnauzerStumpy Tail Cattle DogSussex SpanielSwedish VallhundSwissneeseTaco TerrierTamaskan DogTea Cup PoodleTeddy Roosevelt TerrierTenterfield TerrierTexas HeelerThai RidgebackTibetan MastiffTibetan SpanielTibetan TerrierTorkieTosa InuToxirnToy Australian ShepherdToy Fox TerrierToy Manchester TerrierToy PoodleToy PoxerTransylvanian HoundsTreeing Walker CoonhoundValley BulldogVanguard BulldogVictorian BulldogVizslaWauzerWee-ChonWeeranianWeimaranerWeimardoodleWelsh SheepdogWelsh TerrierWeshiWest Highland White TerrierWest Siberian LaikaWestiepooWhippetWhite English BulldogWhoodlesWirehaired Fox TerrierWirehaired Pointing GriffonWirehaired VizslaWolamuteWolf HybridXoloitzcuintliYoranianYorkie RussellYorkie-ApsoYorkie-tonYorkillonYorkineseYorkipooYorkshire TerrierYorkteseZuchon
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New business?
However small
it may be,
success requires
proper planning,
preparation and
insight.

YOUR
RIGHTS In business, there are no
guarantees. There’s simply
no way to eliminate risks
associated with starting an
enterprise. But you can improve
chances of success with good
planning, preparation and insight.
Find out what to consider when
starting a business.
Drawing up a business plan
It’s important to draft a
comprehensive and thoughtful
business plan. Much hinges on
it: Outside funding, credit from
suppliers, management of your
operation and finances, promotion
and marketing of your business,
and achievement of your goals
and objectives.
Creating a business plan will
force you to think about key issues
before you start your enterprise,
such as raising money and your
projected start-up costs and
marketing strategies. This will help
you figure out if your idea is
a winner.

Naming
The core of naming a business lies
in understanding the trademark
law. Trademarks help consumers
identify the makers of the goods
or services. Often, the name of
your company may also be used
as a trademark to identify your
company’s offerings. What’s in a
name, you may wonder. But if you
choose something too similar to a
competitor’s name, you might be
accused of violating the their legal
rights, and you could be forced to
change it and even pay monetary
damages. A good business name
should be:
■ Distinctive
■ Memorable
■ Easily spelled and
pronounced
■ Suggest the products or
services you offer
■ Distinguish you from your
competitors
Partnerships
Many people opt for partnerships
with their friends or relatives for
doing business, because they
feel very comfortable dealing with
people they have known for a long
time. But before you do, create
a Partnership Agreement which
should include the following:
■ Amount of equity invested by
each partner
■ Type of business
■ How profit and loss will be
shared
■ Each partner’s pay and
compensation
■ Distribution of assets on
dissolution
■ Provisions for changes or
dissolving the partnership
■ Dispute settlement clause
■ Settlement in case of death or
incapacitation
■ Restrictions of authority
and expenditures
Financing A new business
Money can be raised either by
borrowing it from a friend, family
member, bank or selling ownership
interests (equity) in your business.
There’s no hard and fast rule on
the best way to raise money; you’ll
have to evaluate your situation
and decide what kind of loan or
investment you’re willing to take.
If you are going beyond family
and friends for loans or equity
investments, you’ll definitely need
a business plan.
If you take a loan, you will
have to repay the money over
time (usually monthly), with
interest. The lender won’t receive
an ownership interest in your
business, and you won’t have to
share any of your future profits
with the lender. On the other hand,
if you raise money by selling equity
(ownership interests), you will
not have to make these monthly
payments or repay the investment
at any particular date. L e g a l
All about you
The business of
doing business
your business is profitable, you’ll
need to share the profits with your
investors, generally in proportion
to the percentage of the business
they own.
Licences and permits
Business licences and permits
can range from the general (a
basic trade licence to operate
a business within a city), to the
specific (a permit to sell alcohol/
firearms/food items). Bear in mind
that regulations vary by industry.
Investigate into the licensing
and permit requirements that
affect your industry, and avoid
any temptation to ignore these
important regulatory details.
Being out of licensing and permit
compliance could leave you
unprotected legally, which may
lead to expensive penalties, and
can jeopardise your business.
Location of workplace
There is no universal rule for
choosing a business location.
The biggest consideration is
sometimes not where it is but
what it is. The building facilities
need to be appropriate for your
business whether you are working
from home, a business centre or
a rented space. Or you could take
up space in a market with similar
businesses or consumer groups.
Entering into agreements
Be mindful of employment
contracts as these take different
forms. All employees at a
company may be asked to sign
the same form of contract, or
each employee may have a
contract with the employer that
is exclusively applicable to his
or her employment agreement.
It mentions the kind of work the
employee will do, for how long,
and at what rate of pay. Please
consult an attorney who can
advise you about Confidentiality
and Non-Competition Agreements,
and clauses pertaining to
ownership of inventions, exclusive
employment, termination,
minimum wages, bonus,
arbitration and jurisdiction.
In almost all business dealings,
every time you or your company
agrees to take some action or
make a payment in exchange
for anything of value, a legal
contract is created. Make sure
that you and the other party
agree on the meaning of any
potentially ambiguous words or
phrases. Even a misplaced (or
unnoticed) punctuation mark can
dramatically change the scope of
your rights and obligations under a
contract. Watch out for commonly
misused words. When you agree to
bimonthly payments, for instance,
do you understand that you will be
paid every other month? Or do you
expect to be paid twice a month?
Some business agreements may
be simple enough for the regular
person to draft, while others may
require the help of a lawyer.
Advertising
If your advertisement is deceptive,
you’ll face legal problems even
if you had the best intentions
while framing it. In addition, if
your advertisement contains a
false statement, you have already
violated the law. The fact that you
didn’t know ‘the information was
false’ is irrelevant. Advertisements
should conform to laws and
should not go against morality,
decency and the religious
susceptibilities of people.
Business Advisors
Finally, the key to success for any
entrepreneur is to have the best
set of advisors, not necessarily
the most expensive but the
ones you can trust totally. These
may includes lawyers, chartered
accountants, insurance advisors,
and bankers among others.

Decide on the meaing of potentially
ambiguous phrases. Even a misplaced
punctuat ion mark can change the
scope of your rights and obligations..